Retake of CFA #5 - Intro to Bones and Skeletal Tissue/Spongy,Compact Bone/Periosteum,Endosteum (09/10/2025)

Ethan, a 24-year-old with a femur fracture, struggles with anemia during recovery. Which skeletal function best explains this complication?

• Blood cell production
• Support and leverage
• Fat storage
• Calcium balance

Liam is in a skateboarding accident and fractures his radius or the two long bones of the forearm. Doctors find that his periosteum was badly torn, but the fibrous layer is still intact while the osteogenic layer is destroyed. Which result is most likely in his recovery?

• His bone will heal quickly, but tendons will detach from the bone surface
• His compact bone will lose its stored minerals during the healing process
• His tendons and ligaments remain attached, but bone repair will be slower
• His spongy bone marrow will immediately stop producing blood cells

A patient with severe osteoporosis develops spinal fractures. Why are vertebrae especially vulnerable?

• They are irregular bones with more spongy bone
• They are flat bones with little marrow
• They are long bones designed for leverage
• They are covered only by periosteum

A surgeon explains to Diego that the endosteum is critical for fracture healing. What is the main reason?

• It provides vascularization for the fibrous layer in your bone
• It produces osteocytes directly for tendon and ligament repair
• It prevents marrow from storing fat in the bone
• It lines internal surfaces and contributes osteoprogenitor cells

Emma, an astronaut, loses spongy bone mass in her hips after a long space mission. Why does this increase her fracture risk despite intact compact bone?

• Compact bone stores most of the calcium and triglycerides
• Spongy bone provides fat storage for energy and blood vessels
• Spongy bone contains trabeculae that absorb stress and protect joints
• Compact bone is replaced faster than spongy bone due to its solid form

A child suffers a fracture in the humerus. Doctors report that the fibrous layer of the periosteum was not damaged. Which specific role of bone does this intact layer continue to support?

• Providing firm tendon and ligament attachment to the bone
• Supporting continuous production of blood cells in the marrow
• Allowing storage of calcium minerals and fatty deposits in bone
• Maintaining the lightweight structure of trabeculae in spongy bone

Carlos, a 70-year-old, complains of frequent bone fractures and difficulty walking. Doctors discover his bones have lost much of their calcium, and scans show thinning compact bone in his femur shaft. Which result is most directly tied to bone’s function as a mineral storage site?

• Loss of bone strength in compact bone, leading to higher fracture risk
• Decrease in the production of red blood cells inside bone marrow
• Weakening of tendon and ligament attachment at the periosteum
• eduction in the supportive framework of spongy bone trabeculae

Ethan is in a motorcycle accident and fractures his femur. The break extends through both compact bone in the shaft and spongy bone in the femoral head. Why is this more serious than a fracture involving only compact bone?

• Injury to spongy bone disrupts marrow activity that is vital for bone repair
• Compact bone cannot be properly stabilized with surgical metal rods
• Spongy bone is the main structure for tendon and ligament attachment
• Compact bone is the only part of bone that contains bone-forming cells