What does a food chain model in an ecosystem?

C. the direction in which energy flows

B. where each kind of organism lives

D. the number of different species present

How is a food web different from a food chain?

D. It consists of overlapping food chains.

A. It represents the flow of energy.

B. It represents the flow of matter.

C. It shows the role of decomposers.

Why is an energy pyramid shaped like a pyramid?

B. Most of the energy at each level of consumption is wasted.

A. The organisms in an ecosystem all depend on each other.

C. An ecosystem has fewer producers than other kinds of organisms.

D. An ecosystem has more decomposers than other kinds of organisms.

The pyramid shows different levels in a food chain. What happens to the amount of available energy as you move from the Producers up to the 3rd-Level Consumers?

C. It decreases because energy is lost at each level

A. It increases because predators need more energy

B. It stays the same at all levels

D. It only increases for the consumers

What is the difference between a producer and a consumer?

C. Producers make their own food using sunlight, while consumers eat other organisms for energy.

A. Producers eat other organisms, while consumers make their own food.

B. Consumers and producers both create their own food through photosynthesis.

D. Consumers do not need energy to survive, but producers do.

In a garden ecosystem, a bee has a relationship with a flowering plant, and that relationship is an example of mutualism. Which effect does this relationship have?

A. The bee and the plant both benefit.

B. The bee and the plant are both harmed.

C. The bee is harmed and the plant benefits.

D. The bee benefits and the plant is harmed.

What effect do competition and predation have on population size?

C. They both decrease population size by limiting resources and reducing the number of individuals.

A. They both increase population size by providing more food.

B. Competition increases population size, while predation has no effect.

D. Competition and predation have no long-term effects on population size.

How does parasitism differ from other symbiotic relationships?

B. Parasitism benefits one organism while harming the other.

A. In parasitism, both organisms benefit equally.

C. Parasitism has no effect on either organism.

D. Parasitism benefits both organisms without causing harm.

Jamal investigates several interactions among organisms in a woodland ecosystem. He observes that coyotes hunt and kill white-tailed deer. He learns that lungworms live in the lungs of the deer, making it difficult for the deer to breathe. He also learns that larvae of nasal bot flies live in the nasal passages of the deer and cause them minor harm. Which sentence describes the lungworms and fly larvae?

C. They have different niches in the same habitat.

D. They compete for the same resources in a shared niche.

Jamal investigates interactions among organisms in a woodland ecosystem. He observes that: Coyotes hunt and kill white-tailed deer. Lungworms live in the lungs of the deer, making it difficult for the deer to breathe. Larvae of nasal bot flies live in the nasal passages of the deer and cause them minor harm. Suppose more coyotes move into the woodland. How would this change most likely affect the other populations Jamal observes?

B. The deer population would decrease, leading to a decrease in lungworm and nasal bot fly populations.

A. The deer population would increase, leading to a rise in lungworm and nasal bot fly populations.

C. The deer population would stay the same, but lungworm and nasal bot fly populations would increase.

D. The coyote population would decrease, causing an increase in the deer, lungworm, and nasal bot fly populations.

A forest ecosystem has different levels of organization. Which answer choice shows the levels of organization of the ecosystem in order so the smallest level with the fewest living things is first.

organism, population, community, ecosystem

organism, community, population, ecosystem

organism, community, ecosystem, population

organism, ecosystem, population, community

The American Plains bison is a grassland species that eats mostly grasses. By the late 1800s, hunting came close to causing this animal to disappear from the western United States. In the early 1900s, landowners and the U.S. government took steps to save the bison. The graph shows data collected in northern Yellowstone National Park between 1902 and 1915. A drought is a long period of abnormally low precipitation. Suppose a drought occurred in Yellowstone National Park from 1916 to 1917. Which of the following best predicts how the graph line showing the number of bison would appear during this time period?

The graph line would level off or decline due to limited resources caused by the drought.

The graph line would continue to rise steeply, showing rapid population growth.

The graph line would show no change and remain constant.

The graph line would drop to zero, indicating the extinction of the bison population.

Which of the following is a biotic factor that might limit a population of mice?

rainy weather that floods the mice's nests

rocks in which the mice can hide from pedators

How can the availability of water limit the growth of a population that otherwise has unlimited resources?

B. Lack of water reduces survival and reproduction rates, limiting population growth despite other resources.

A. Because water is not essential for life, it does not affect population growth.

C. Water availability only affects plants, so animal populations are not limited by it.

D. Populations can always find alternative resources, so water does not limit growth.

What does an energy pyramid show?

C. The energy available at the beginning with the producers and the energy used by consumers is each level being a percentage of the level below them.

A. The number of producers in an ecosystem.

B. The number of predators in an ecosystem.

D. The amount of sunlight needed by the producers.

Which choice correctly indicates how matter and energy flow in an ecosystem?

Matter is recycled, but energy needs a constant input.

Matter needs a constant input, but energy is recycled.

Matter and energy both need a constant input.

Matter and energy are both recycled.

In an energy pyramid, what happens to the energy if it isn't passed to the next highest level?

D. It is lost as heat or used for life processes like movement and growth

A. It disappears completely from the ecosystem

B. It turns into water and is reused

C. It is stored in the soil permanently

Which of the following is an example of mutualism?

B. A clownfish living among sea anemone tentacles, and both benefit

C. A barnacle attaching to a whale without affecting it

D. A tapeworm living in a human intestine

Which of the following describes commensalism?

C. One organism benefits, and the other is unaffected

A. One organism benefits, and the other is harmed

D. Both organisms are unaffected

B. A relationship where one species benefits, the parasite, and the other is harmed, the host.

A. A relationship where both species help each other

C. A relationship where both species are harmed

D. A relationship where one species benefits, the host, and the other is harmed, the parasite.

In some grassland ecosystems, lions are predators that consume zebras. In several estuary ecosystems, fish lice are parasites that consume the blood of fish. How are these two relationships of predation and parasitism from different ecosystems similar?

C. Only one organism in each relationship benefits.

A. One organism in each relationship dies.

B. Both organisms in each relationship are harmed.

D. Neither organism in each relationship is harmed.

Lichens in a forest ecosystem are actually fungi and algae living together. The fungi benefit from food produced by the algae. The algae benefit from nutrients and water absorbed by the fungi. Which of the following relationships in different ecosystems is most similar to the interaction of the fungi and algae?

A. mutualism between fungi and ants

B. parasitism between fungi and humans

C. commensalism between birds and trees

D. competition between algae and aquatic plants

Which environmental factor could best explain the trend in deer population from 2000–2006 as shown in the graph?

An increase in food availability led to population growth.

A decrease in rainfall caused a population decline.

A disease outbreak reduced the population.

Increased hunting caused a sharp decline.

UNIT 2 STUDY GUIDE

Authored by J Vaughn

Science

6th - 8th Grade

NGSS covered

Used 20+ times

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50 questions

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MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 2 pts

Barnacles live in salt water attached to sturdy objects such as rocks. All the rock surfaces in a bay are already covered with barnacles. This lack of surfaces to attach to is an example of _ acting as a(n) factor that could stop the barnacle population from growing.

water; abiotic

space; limiting

climate; biotic

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 2 pts

Over several years, a population of bats that inhabits a cave decreases in size. Which of the following factors could cause this decrease in a bat population to occur?

A. decrease in predators

B. competition for shelter

C. increase in food supply

D. increase in water supply

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

NGSS.MS-LS2-4

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 2 pts

Banana slugs live on the ground in moist forests of the Pacific Northwest. They consume and break down a variety of materials, including small dead animals and rotting leaves. Which term describes banana slugs?

A. carnivores

B. consumers

C. decomposers

D. producers

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 2 pts

The diagram shows the food web for a forest ecosystem. Organisms at which level have access to the least amount of total energy?

A. grasses

B. grouse

C. red-tailed hawk

D. insects

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS2-1

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 2 pts

Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are a kind of bacteria found in many lakes. These organisms make their own food through photosynthesis. Small animals, including mayfly larvae, eat the cyanobacteria. Small fish, such as yellow perch, eat the mayfly larvae. The small fish provide food for larger fish, such as walleye. The image shows trophic levels in a food pyramid. Choose the level of the food pyramid that represents the energy role of cyanobacteria in the lake ecosystem.

A. Level 1

B. Level 2

C. Level 3

D. Level 4

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS2-3

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 2 pts

Which of the following describes a population?

85 great white sharks off Cape Cod

thousands of dolphins and whales around Hawaii

a mating pair of seagulls migrating to an island

corals, sponges, algae, reef fish, lobsters, and giant clams

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION

30 sec • 2 pts

Which type of organism makes its own food?

A. producer

B. consumer

C. decomposer

D. fungus

Tags

NGSS.MS-LS1-6

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UNIT 2 STUDY GUIDE

Barnacles live in salt water attached to sturdy objects such as rocks. All the rock surfaces in a bay are already covered with barnacles. This lack of surfaces to attach to is an example of ___________ acting as a(n) __________ factor that could stop the barnacle population from growing.

Over several years, a population of bats that inhabits a cave decreases in size. Which of the following factors could cause this decrease in a bat population to occur?

Banana slugs live on the ground in moist forests of the Pacific Northwest. They consume and break down a variety of materials, including small dead animals and rotting leaves. Which term describes banana slugs?

The diagram shows the food web for a forest ecosystem. Organisms at which level have access to the least amount of total energy?

Which of the following describes a population?

Which type of organism makes its own food?

Which type of organism breaks down decaying organic matter?

What does a food chain model in an ecosystem?

How is a food web different from a food chain?

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Discover more resources for Science

Barnacles live in salt water attached to sturdy objects such as rocks. All the rock surfaces in a bay are already covered with barnacles. This lack of surfaces to attach to is an example of _ acting as a(n) factor that could stop the barnacle population from growing.