Iron-Deficiency Anemia Case Study Quiz

Which of the following laboratory values is considered abnormal in G.C.'s test results?

• Platelets

• Hematocrit (Hct)

• WBC

• Vitamin B₁₂

Answer explanation

Hematocrit (Hct) is considered abnormal in G.C.'s test results, as it typically indicates issues with blood volume or red blood cell concentration, which can signal various health conditions.

What does a low mean corpuscular volume (MCV) indicate about red blood cells?

• The RBCs are larger than normal

• The RBCs are smaller than normal

• The RBCs are normal in size

• The RBCs are fewer in number

Answer explanation

A low mean corpuscular volume (MCV) indicates that red blood cells (RBCs) are smaller than normal. This condition is often associated with certain types of anemia, where the production of smaller RBCs occurs.

Based on G.C.'s laboratory results and history, what is the most likely diagnosis?

• Vitamin B₁₂ deficiency anemia

• Iron-deficiency anemia

• Sickle cell anemia

• Thalassemia

Answer explanation

G.C.'s laboratory results likely indicate low iron levels, which is characteristic of iron-deficiency anemia. This condition is the most common type of anemia, often due to inadequate dietary intake or blood loss.

Which group is NOT at increased risk for iron-deficiency anemia?

• Pregnant women

• Persons with chronic diarrhea

• Young children growing rapidly

• Healthy adults with balanced diets

Answer explanation

Healthy adults with balanced diets typically consume sufficient iron, reducing their risk of iron-deficiency anemia. In contrast, pregnant women, those with chronic diarrhea, and rapidly growing young children are at higher risk due to increased iron needs or loss.

Which of the following is a common symptom of iron-deficiency anemia that you should assess for in G.C.?

• High blood pressure

• Weakness and pale ear lobes

• Jaundice

• Swollen lymph nodes

Answer explanation

Weakness and pale ear lobes are common symptoms of iron-deficiency anemia, indicating reduced hemoglobin levels. High blood pressure, jaundice, and swollen lymph nodes are not typical symptoms of this condition.

Which of the following is a late symptom of iron deficiency anemia?

• Increased appetite

• Brittle, thin, spoon-shaped nails

• Weight gain

• Improved memory

Answer explanation

Brittle, thin, spoon-shaped nails are a classic late symptom of iron deficiency anemia, indicating severe deficiency. Increased appetite, weight gain, and improved memory are not associated with this condition.

Which question would best help you determine the impact of fatigue on a patient's activities of daily living?

• Are you upset about feeling more tired?

• Do you sleep more now than you used to?

• How far can you walk until you get short of breath?

• Have you been able to do what you would like to do?

Answer explanation

The question 'Have you been able to do what you would like to do?' directly assesses how fatigue affects daily activities, making it the best choice to evaluate the impact on the patient's life.

When should parenteral iron therapy be indicated for a patient?

• When the patient prefers injections over pills

• If the patient is intolerant to oral iron, has a disorder that interferes with iron absorption, or has ongoing blood loss

• When the patient has mild anemia

• If the patient is already taking vitamin C supplements

Answer explanation

Parenteral iron therapy is indicated for patients who cannot tolerate oral iron, have conditions affecting iron absorption, or are experiencing ongoing blood loss, making the correct choice essential for effective treatment.

Which of the following statements by a patient indicates a need for further instruction about taking oral iron supplements?

• My stools will likely turn a tarry, black color soon.

• I can take the iron and my calcium supplements at the same time.

• I will increase my fluid and fiber intake as long as I am on the iron.

• Taking the tablets when I eat my meals will help my stomach not be upset.

Answer explanation

The statement "I can take the iron and my calcium supplements at the same time" indicates a need for further instruction, as calcium can interfere with iron absorption. They should be taken at different times.

What is an important teaching point for a patient starting ferrous sulfate 325 mg orally once per day?

• Take the medicine with milk to increase absorption.

• Store the medicine in a light-resistant container out of the reach of children.

• Take the medicine only when feeling symptoms of anemia.

• It is safe to take herbal supplements without consulting a healthcare provider.

Answer explanation

Storing ferrous sulfate in a light-resistant container and out of reach of children is crucial to prevent accidental ingestion and ensure the medication remains effective.