Fill in the blank: Aspects of an experiment that are kept constant or consistent are called _________.

constants (controlled variables)

Define science. Fill in the blank: Science is _____________.

A study of the natural world based in experimentation and thus, supported by evidence.

A collection of untested beliefs and opinions.

A set of random guesses about the universe.

A fictional story about the world.

Give an example of a hypothesis in the correct format. Fill in the blank: If a sunflower is exposed to sunlight for 8 hours a day, then _____________.

it will grow taller than sunflowers exposed to less light.

it will not need water to survive.

it will stop growing completely.

An observation is a statement based on what is seen or measured, while an inference is a conclusion drawn from observations. Which of the following best differentiates an observation from an inference?

An observation is what you notice directly, while an inference is a conclusion you draw from those observations.

An observation is always a guess, while an inference is always a fact.

An observation is a prediction about the future, while an inference is a measurement.

An observation is based on opinions, while an inference is based on measurements.

The difference between accuracy and precision is that:

Accuracy refers to how close measurements are to the true value, while precision refers to how close measurements are to each other.

Accuracy and precision both mean the same thing in measurement.

Precision refers to how close measurements are to the true value, while accuracy refers to how close measurements are to each other.

Accuracy is not important if data is precise.

The general steps in designing and conducting an experiment include:

Identifying a problem, forming a hypothesis, designing the experiment, collecting data, analyzing results, and drawing conclusions.

Guessing the outcome, collecting random data, and writing a report.

Starting with data analysis, then forming a hypothesis, and finally designing the experiment.

Choosing a topic, writing a story, and presenting it to an audience.

Give an example of a scientific investigation design, with appropriate constants and variables (IV and DV). Anh observes that her brother, who is a swimmer, can hold his breath for a really long time. She wonders if other types of athletes can hold their breath for just as long. She decides to conduct an investigation of different types of athletes and how long they can hold their breath. Fill in the blanks: - The independent variable (IV) is ________. - The dependent variable (DV) is ________. - One example of a constant is ________.

IV: type of athlete (which sport they play), DV: how long they can hold their breath, Constant: age of athletes (other acceptable answers: temperature and conditions where the data is collected, pre-existing health conditions, physical activities or amount of rest done prior to collecting the data)

IV: how long they can hold their breath, DV: type of athlete (which sport they play), Constant: the number of athletes tested

IV: the number of athletes tested, DV: the type of sport, Constant: how long they can hold their breath

IV: age of athletes, DV: temperature and conditions, Constant: type of athlete (which sport they play)

What is the first step in the technological design process?

Define/identify the problem or need.

When designing a solution for a problem, what criteria must be considered during the design process?

Time, budget, and materials (availability, durability, appropriateness, etc.)

Color preferences and font styles only

Personal opinions of the designer

Ignoring constraints and focusing only on aesthetics

What is the step in the technological design process where you build the solution and test it out?

Implement the design by building the solution and testing it out.

Brainstorm possible solutions and select the best one.

Identify the problem and define the criteria for success.

Communicate the results to stakeholders.

Fill in the blank: Solvent = ________

What does the dissolving in a solution

What gets dissolved in a solution

Fill in the blank: Hydrophilic = ________

"Water loving"; a substance that has an affinity for water

"Water fearing"; a substance that repels water

A substance that dissolves only in oil

A substance that is neutral to water

Fill in the blank: Hydrophobic = ________

Water fearing; a substance that does not have an affinity for water

Water loving; a substance that readily dissolves in water

A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution

A substance that acts as a buffer in acidic solutions

List the six elements necessary for life and give examples of three molecules that contain those elements.

C, H, O, N, P, S. Examples: H2O, CO2, O2.

Na, Cl, K, Mg, Fe, Zn. Examples: NaCl, KCl, MgO.

He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Rn. Examples: HeO, NeO, ArO.

Al, Si, Cu, Ag, Au, Pb. Examples: Al2O3, SiO2, CuO.

List the levels of organization that make up an organism, starting with an atom and ending with an organism.

Atom → Molecule → Organelle → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organ system → Organism.

Atom → Organelle → Molecule → Cell → Tissue → Organ system → Organ → Organism.

Atom → Molecule → Cell → Organelle → Tissue → Organ system → Organism → Organ.

Atom → Molecule → Organelle → Tissue → Cell → Organ → Organ system → Organism.

Differentiate between polar and nonpolar molecules.

Polar = unequal distribution of charges; polar molecules typically dissolve in water because water is also polar. Nonpolar = no separation of charge.

Polar = equal distribution of charges; polar molecules do not dissolve in water. Nonpolar = unequal distribution of charge.

Polar = no charges present; nonpolar = charges are always present.

Polar = always ionic; nonpolar = always covalent.

The properties of water that make it such a unique molecule include:

Cohesion, high specific heat, polarity, and ability to dissolve many substances

Lack of polarity and inability to form hydrogen bonds

Low specific heat and inability to dissolve substances

Non-cohesive nature and low surface tension

Bio Basics Review

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10th Grade

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Cassidy Snyder

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