HW 1.7: Carbon Cycle

What element makes up about half of a human body (if all water were removed)?

• Oxygen

• Carbon

• Nitrogen

• Hydrogen

Plants absorb carbon dioxide mainly to:

• Respire

• Photosynthesize

• Produce fossil fuels

• Decompose

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Plants release carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere during:

• Photosynthesis

• Respiration

• Transpiration

• Deposition

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Fossil fuels are formed when:

• Plants decompose quickly on the surface

• Plants and animals die and are buried, compressed, and stored over millions of years

• Limestone is eroded into CO₂

• Oceans absorb too much carbon dioxide

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Phytoplankton in the ocean use carbon dioxide to:

• Respire and form nitrogen compounds

• Photosynthesize and build calcium carbonate shells

• Decompose dead plants

• Melt permafrost

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What human activity has most increased atmospheric carbon dioxide levels in the past 200 years?

• Agriculture

• Burning fossil fuels

• Mining limestone

• Melting glaciers

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Burning fossil fuels releases carbon that has been stored for:

• Thousands of years

• Tens of thousands of years

• Hundreds of millions of years

• Billions of years

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Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide are causing:

• Increased deposition

• Global climate change

• Stronger permafrost

• The end of the hydrologic cycle

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Permafrost is significant because:

• It traps huge amounts of carbon

• It prevents precipitation

• It speeds up sublimation

• It increases ocean salinity

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As permafrost melts, what happens?

• New fossil fuels are created

• Carbon dioxide and methane are released, intensifying warming

• Oceans become freshwater reservoirs

• Sublimation slows down

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