History of the Middle East Pt. 1

Shia Muslims

• the largest branch of Islam who believe in the teachings of the Quran

• the second largest branch of Islam who believe the prophet Muhammad was divinely appointed

• a sect of Christianity that follows the teachings of Jesus Christ

• a group of atheists who do not believe in any religion

Zionism

• a movement to establish a Jewish nation in Palestine

• a political ideology advocating for global socialism

• a cultural movement promoting Jewish literature

• a religious movement focused on Jewish mysticism

genocide

• the deliberate destruction in whole or part of a national, ethnic or religious group

• a peaceful resolution to ethnic conflicts

• the promotion of cultural diversity

• the voluntary migration of a population

ghetto

• a wealthy urban area with high living standards

• a poor urban area populated by minority groups or a part of a city where a group due to social, economic or political reasons live in poverty

• a suburban neighborhood with middle-class families

• a rural area with agricultural communities

Ottoman Empire

• A powerful Turkic state founded in 1299 that controlled territories across Southeastern Europe, Western Asia, and North Africa.

• A European monarchy established in the 15th century that focused on maritime exploration.

• A democratic republic founded in the 20th century in response to colonialism.

• An ancient civilization known for its contributions to philosophy and science.

Sunni Muslims

• Their prophets' successors were chosen by vote (consensus) - Abu Bakr.

• They believe in a different holy book than Shia Muslims.

• They primarily reside in Saudi Arabia and Egypt.

• Their core beliefs are identical to those of Shia Muslims.

terrorism

• the use of threats, force, or violence to frighten people

• a peaceful protest against government policies

• a form of artistic expression

• a method of negotiation between countries

holocaust

• the systematic murder of more than six million Jewish people

• a large-scale natural disaster affecting Europe

• a political movement in the early 20th century

• a famous art movement in the 1940s

concentration camp

• a facility for scientific research

• a place where a regime confines a large group of people for political reasons without a trial

• a type of military base

• a recreational area for public gatherings

Balfour Declaration

• A declaration by Arthur James and the British government that they would support the establishment of Palestine and help Jewish people

• A treaty signed between the United States and the Soviet Union during the Cold War

• A statement made by the League of Nations regarding the rights of indigenous peoples

• An agreement between France and Germany to prevent future conflicts