History Chapter 2: Cold Lands to the North

Define each term: Arctic

• the area between the North Pole and the Northern timberline of N.A., Europe, and Asia.

• a desert region located in central Australia.

• the area surrounding the South Pole, including Antarctica.

• a tropical rainforest region in South America.

Define each term: Arctic Ocean

• the smallest and coldest ocean

• the largest and warmest ocean

• an ocean located only in the southern hemisphere

• an ocean that borders only Africa

Define each term: Greenland

• the world's largest island, the main source of icebergs in the Northern Hemisphere.

• a small island in the Pacific Ocean known for its tropical climate.

• a desert region in Africa with very little ice or snow.

• a mountain range in South America famous for its rainforests.

Define each term: tundra

• treeless Arctic plains north of the timberline.

• dense tropical rainforests near the equator.

• vast sandy deserts with little vegetation.

• mountainous regions covered with thick forests.

Define each term: permafrost

• permanently frozen ground.

• a type of volcanic rock.

• seasonally flooded grassland.

• a layer of loose soil.

Define each term: kayak

• one-man boat made of seal-skin stretched over a frame.

• a type of large sailing ship used for trade.

• a small wooden cart used for carrying goods.

• a traditional musical instrument from Asia.

Define each term: harpoon

• a spear-like weapon made from wood or bone with a barbed head used for hunting.

• a type of fishing net used to catch small fish.

• a wooden shield used for protection in battle.

• a container used to store water during long journeys.

Define each term: taiga

• northern woods south of the tundra.

• a tropical rainforest region.

• a desert biome with little vegetation.

• a coastal wetland area.

Identify the following:

_____ - a piece of glacier that has broken off into the sea.

• Iceberg

• Avalanche

• Glacier

• Ice shelf

Identify the following:

_____ - thick layer of fat found on fur seals.

• blubber

• feather

• scale

• shell