Muscle Physiology and Strength Training Quiz Ch 4

Which of the following best defines a tendon?

• A tough band of fibrous tissue that connects a muscle to a bone or other body part and transmits the force exerted by the muscle.

• A single muscle cell, usually classified according to strength, speed of contraction, and energy source.

• Protein structures that make up muscle fibers.

• A cell structure containing DNA and genes that direct the production of proteins.

What is the primary function of satellite cells in skeletal muscle?

• They provide additional cell nuclei, enhancing muscle protein synthesis and cell repair.

• They transmit nerve impulses away from the nerve cell body.

• They decrease the size of muscle fibers due to inactivity.

• They are responsible for the contraction speed of muscle fibers.

Which term describes an increase in the size of muscle fibers, usually stimulated by muscular overload?

• Hypertrophy

• Hyperplasia

• Atrophy

• Power

What is the difference between slow-twitch and fast-twitch muscle fibers?

• Slow-twitch fibers are fatigue resistant and have a slow contraction speed, while fast-twitch fibers contract rapidly and forcefully but fatigue quickly.

• Slow-twitch fibers contract rapidly and forcefully but fatigue quickly, while fast-twitch fibers are fatigue resistant and have a slow contraction speed.

• Slow-twitch fibers are responsible for power, while fast-twitch fibers are responsible for endurance.

• Slow-twitch fibers increase in number during strength training, while fast-twitch fibers decrease.

Which of the following is NOT a learning objective for this chapter?

• Describe the basic physiology of muscles and explain how strength training affects muscles.

• Assess muscular strength and endurance.

• Explain the process of photosynthesis in plants.

• Apply the FITT principle to create a safe and successful strength training program.

A decrease in the size of muscle fibers, usually attributable to inactivity, is known as:

• Atrophy

• Hypertrophy

• Hyperplasia

• Power

Which structure contains DNA and genes that direct the production of proteins in muscle cells?

• Nucleus

• Axon

• Myofibrils

• Tendon

If a student wants to increase the number of muscle fibers, which process is involved?

• Hyperplasia

• Hypertrophy

• Atrophy

• Power

What is the role of a motor unit in muscle movement?

• A motor nerve connected to one or more muscle fibers that initiates movement.

• A protein structure that makes up muscle fibers.

• A cell that provides additional nuclei for muscle repair.

• A slender part of the nerve cell that conducts impulses away from the cell body.

Which of the following best describes the function of an axon?

• It conducts the nerve impulse away from the nerve cell body.

• It connects a muscle to a bone.

• It is responsible for muscle fiber contraction speed.

• It directs the production of proteins in the cell.