Unit Two STUDY GUIDE - Vocabulary Terms & Definitions

The period in Europe from about 500 to 1500 CE, after the fall of Rome, when learning and trade slowed down. What is this period called?

• Middle Ages

• Renaissance

• Industrial Revolution

• Age of Exploration

A large group of countries or regions ruled by one leader or government (such as the Roman Empire or the Byzantine Empire). What is this called?

• Empire

• Colony

• Republic

• City-state

A series of religious wars fought between European Christians and Muslims, mainly to control the Holy Land. The First Crusade began in 1096. What were these wars called?

• Crusades

• Hundred Years' War

• Peloponnesian War

• War of the Roses

A period (7th–13th centuries) when Muslim scholars made great advances in science, medicine, math, and philosophy. What is this period called?

• Islamic Golden Age

• Renaissance

• Industrial Revolution

• Age of Enlightenment

A social, political, and economic system in which land is exchanged for loyalty and service. What is this system called?

• Feudalism

• Capitalism

• Democracy

• Mercantilism

A worker who farmed land under the feudal system. What is this person called?

• Serf/Peasant

• Lord

• Knight

• Merchant

A landowner who gave land to vassals (the knights under him in the feudal system) in exchange for military service and loyalty. What is this person called?

• Lord

• Serf

• Peasant

• Merchant

A system in which people are ranked one above the other based on status or authority. What is this system called?

• Hierarchy

• Democracy

• Anarchy

• Collective

A series of rulers from the same family that creates political stability. What is this called?

• Dynasty

• Republic

• Colony

• Empire

A period of peace, prosperity, and great achievements in a civilization is called what?

• Golden Age

• Dark Age

• Stone Age

• Iron Age