Chapter 1 Review

When water is placed in a narrow glass tube, it rises up the tube without any external force applied. What causes this phenomenon?

This phenomenon is known as capillary action. The ____________

between water molecules and the glass pulls the water to the glass walls. The ___________

between water molecules drags other water molecules along with it.

Why is a small insect, like a water strider, able to walk on the surface of water?

• The insect's waxy coating prevents it from sinking by repelling water.

• The force exerted by the insect is less than the surface tension of the water.

• The insect's legs are attracted to the water molecules.

• The surface tension of the water is less than the mass of the insect.

What property of water allows droplets to attach to the surface of a leaf?

• Evaporation

• Adhesion

• Cohesion

• Gravity

– List three reasons that support your answers.

Match the followingDuring a lab investigation, a student was provided four different substances to determine as a pure substance or mixture. The student recorded their explanation for each substance observed. Based on the student's data, determine which statements represented a pure substance or a mixture.

Match the correct term to the statement:

• Compound

• Without a microscope, the two substances combined cannot be easily distinguished. However, under a microscope, salt can easily be distinguished from the sugar and separated into two different types of materials put together.

• Element

• The copper wires are thin and ductile, but unable to be dissolved in water

• Homogeneous Mixture

• A purple powder spread out evenly when placed in water. The water then turned purple.

• Heterogeneous Mixture

• Baking soda has a chemical formula NaHCO₃ The atoms in baking soda are chemically bonded unless rearranged during a chemical reaction such as reacting to vinegar

Which of the following is an example of an element?

• FeO

• Salt Water

• Cl

• Air

Which of the following best represents how a chemical reaction is typically written to show conservation of mass?

• reactants ⇌ products

• reactants - products

• reactants → products

• reactants = products

How many different elements and compounds are represented in the following chemical equation?

4Fe + 3O₂ --> 2Fe₂O₃

• 3 elements and 1 compound

• 2 elements and 2 compounds

• 3 elements and 0 compounds

• 2 elements and 1 compound

The Periodic Table is shown.

Respiration is the reverse of photosynthesis. People use oxygen and glucose from plants to produce carbon dioxide and energy.

How many different elements can be identified in the chemical reaction for respiration?  

C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ → 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + energy

Use the periodic table to answer the following question. What is the atomic mass of an atom of argon (Ar) that has 22 neutrons?

Enter the correct answer in the box.