Macromolecules Review

What are the four macromolecules?

• E. nucleotides

• D. nucleic acids

• C. lipids

• B. proteins

• A. carbohydrates

Answer explanation

The four macromolecules essential for life are nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Nucleic acids store genetic information, lipids provide energy and structure, proteins perform various functions, and carbohydrates serve as energy sources.

What are the four polymers essential for life?

• nucleic acids

• lipids

• proteins

• nucleotides

• carbohydrates

Answer explanation

The four essential polymers for life are nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Nucleic acids store genetic information, lipids provide energy and structure, proteins perform various functions, and carbohydrates supply energy.

What are the four organic molecules?

• nucleotides

• proteins

• carbohydrates

• nucleic acids

• lipids

Answer explanation

The four organic molecules essential for life are proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and lipids. Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids, but they are not one of the four main types.

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

What are the four biomolecules?

• D. nucleic acids

• C. lipids

• B. proteins

• E. nucleotides

• A. carbohydrates

Answer explanation

The four biomolecules essential for life are nucleic acids, lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates. Nucleotides are the building blocks of nucleic acids, not a separate category, making A, B, C, and D the correct answers.

Pick which monomer goes with its corresponding polymer

• Lipid

• fatty acids

• Carbohydrate

• nucleotides

• Protein

• amino acids

• Nucleic Acid

• monosaccharides

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

What are other names for a macromolecule?

• biomolecule

• organic molecule

• polymer

• monomer

Answer explanation

Macromolecules are large molecules essential for life, often referred to as biomolecules or organic molecules. They can also be polymers, which are made up of repeating units. Monomers, however, are the building blocks of polymers, not synonymous with macromolecules.

Sugars, which are the building blocks of carbohydrates, typically end in (a)   .

• -ose

• -ase

• -ing

Answer explanation

Sugars are classified as carbohydrates and typically end with the suffix '-ose', such as glucose and fructose. The other options, '-ase' and '-ing', do not apply to sugars.

Enzymes (which are a type of protein) typically end in (a)   .

• -ose

• -ase

• -ing

Answer explanation

Enzymes are proteins that typically end with the suffix '-ase', indicating their function in catalyzing biochemical reactions. The other options, '-ose' and '-ing', do not apply to enzymes.

Match each macromolecule function to the correct macromolecule type:

• stores and transmits genetic information; makes proteins (protein synthesis)

• nucleic acids

• gives cells structure, builds and repairs tissues, acts as enzymes

• lipids

• quick energy; makes up cell walls

• carbohydrates

• long-term energy storage; insulation; makes up cell membranes

• proteins

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

(a)   are the building blocks for carbohydrates.

• monosaccharides

• amino acids

• fatty acids

• nucleotides

Answer explanation

Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates and serve as their building blocks. They combine to form larger carbohydrates, while amino acids, fatty acids, and nucleotides are building blocks for proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, respectively.