Quiz about Biology 3201 - Unit 1: Reproduction Vocabulary MCQs

Question 1

Which term refers to the biological process producing new organisms, ensuring the survival of a species?

Accepted Answer

Reproduction

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Fertilization

Answer

Metabolism

Question 2

What is the single-parent reproduction method producing offspring genetically identical to the parent?

Accepted Answer

Asexual reproduction

Answer

Sexual reproduction

Answer

Gametogenesis

Answer

Independent assortment

Question 3

What is the basic unit of structure and function in living things?

Accepted Answer

Cell

Answer

Chromosome

Answer

Gamete

Answer

Zygote

Question 4

Which term refers to a body cell (non-reproductive) containing two sets of chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

Somatic cell

Answer

Gamete

Answer

Haploid cell

Answer

Zygote

Question 5

What is the cell with only one set of chromosomes called?

Accepted Answer

Haploid cell

Answer

Diploid cell

Answer

Polyploid cell

Answer

Somatic cell

Question 6

Which structure carries genetic information made of DNA and proteins?

Accepted Answer

Chromosome

Answer

Chromatid

Answer

Nucleus

Answer

Ribosome

Question 7

One of two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome is called?

Accepted Answer

Chromatid

Answer

Chromosome

Answer

Gene

Answer

Histone

Question 8

Which term refers to a duplicated chromosome consisting of sister chromatids?

Accepted Answer

Replicated chromosome

Answer

Diploid chromosome

Answer

Gamete

Answer

Somatic chromosome

Question 9

Which process produces two identical diploid daughter cells for growth and repair?

Accepted Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Fertilization

Question 10

Which cell division process produces haploid gametes and introduces genetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

Meiosis

Answer

Mitosis

Answer

Binary fission

Answer

Fertilization

Question 11

What is the exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes in meiosis called?

Accepted Answer

Crossing over

Answer

Independent assortment

Answer

Fertilization

Answer

Recombination

Question 12

What is the random distribution of chromosomes into gametes during meiosis called?

Accepted Answer

Independent assortment

Answer

Crossing over

Answer

Replication

Answer

Translation

Question 13

What are the male gonads producing sperm and testosterone?

Accepted Answer

Testes

Answer

Ovaries

Answer

Vas deferens

Answer

Epididymis

Question 14

What is the external sac housing testes for temperature regulation?

Accepted Answer

Scrotum

Answer

Seminal vesicle

Answer

Prostate gland

Answer

Urethra

Question 15

Which structures in the testes produce sperm?

Accepted Answer

Epididymis

Answer

Vas deferens

Question 16

What cells in the testes produce testosterone?

Accepted Answer

A. Interstitial cells

Answer

B. Seminiferous tubules

Answer

C. Epididymis

Answer

D. Vas deferens

Question 17

Where are sperm stored and matured?

Accepted Answer

Epididymis

Answer

Testes

Answer

Vas deferens

Answer

Prostate

Question 18

Which tube transports sperm toward the urethra?

Accepted Answer

Vas deferens

Answer

Epididymis

Answer

Ureter

Answer

Seminal vesicle

Question 19

What is the mixture of sperm and glandular secretions called?

Accepted Answer

Semen

Answer

Ejaculate

Answer

Spermatic fluid

Answer

Gametes

Question 20

What is the expulsion of semen from the body called?

Accepted Answer

Ejaculation

Answer

Ovulation

Answer

Fertilization

Answer

Implantation

Question 21

What are the female gonads producing eggs and hormones?

Accepted Answer

Ovaries

Answer

Follicles

Answer

Fimbriae

Answer

Endometrium

Question 22

What structures in the ovaries house developing eggs?

Accepted Answer

Follicles

Answer

Fimbriae

Answer

Endometrium

Answer

Oviduct

Question 23

What fingerlike projections guide the egg into the oviduct?

Accepted Answer

Fimbriae

Answer

Cilia

Answer

Follicles

Answer

Villi

Question 24

What is the site of fertilization that carries the egg to the uterus?

Accepted Answer

Oviduct

Answer

Vagina

Answer

Cervix

Answer

Urethra

Question 25

Where does the embryo implant and develop?

Accepted Answer

Uterus

Answer

Oviduct

Answer

Vagina

Answer

Endometrium

Question 26

What is the lining of the uterus that thickens for implantation?

Accepted Answer

Endometrium

Answer

Cervix

Answer

Myometrium

Answer

Perimetrium

Question 27

What is the lower opening of the uterus leading to the vagina?

Accepted Answer

Cervix

Answer

Oviduct

Answer

Fimbriae

Answer

Endometrium

Question 28

What is the birth canal and site for sperm entry?

Accepted Answer

Vagina

Answer

Oviduct

Answer

Cervix

Answer

Urethra

Question 29

What is the fusion of egg and sperm nuclei called?

Accepted Answer

Fertilization

Answer

Implantation

Answer

Cleavage

Answer

Mitosis

Question 30

What is the diploid cell formed at fertilization called?

Accepted Answer

Zygote

Answer

Gamete

Answer

Embryo

Answer

Fetus

Question 31

What is the rapid mitotic division of the zygote called?

Accepted Answer

Cleavage

Answer

Blastulation

Answer

Fertilization

Answer

Meiosis

Question 32

What is the solid ball of cells after cleavage called?

Accepted Answer

Morula

Answer

Blastula

Answer

Gastrula

Answer

Zygote

Question 33

What stage forms the three germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm?

Accepted Answer

Gastrula

Answer

Blastula

Answer

Morula

Answer

Zygote

Question 34

What is the early developmental stage post-fertilization called?

Accepted Answer

Zygote

Answer

Embryo

Answer

Fetus

Answer

Morula

Question 35

What is the later stage after major organs form called?

Accepted Answer

Fetus

Answer

Embryo

Answer

Blastula

Answer

Gastrula

Question 36

Which hormone from the hypothalamus stimulates FSH & LH release?

Accepted Answer

GnRH

Answer

FSH

Answer

LH

Answer

Estrogen

Question 37

Which hormone stimulates follicle and sperm development?

Accepted Answer

FSH

Answer

LH

Question 38

Which hormone triggers ovulation and testosterone production?

Accepted Answer

LH

Answer

FSH

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Estrogen

Question 39

Which hormone thickens the uterine lining and forms secondary sex traits in females?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

FSH

Answer

LH

Question 40

Which hormone maintains the uterine lining for pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

FSH

Answer

LH

Question 41

Which male hormone promotes sperm production & secondary sex traits?

Accepted Answer

Testosterone

Answer

Estrogen

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

LH

Question 42

Which hormone inhibits FSH release via negative feedback?

Accepted Answer

Inhibin

Answer

Progesterone

Answer

Estrogen

Question 43

Which cycle involves follicle maturation and ovulation?

Accepted Answer

Ovarian cycle

Answer

Uterine cycle

Answer

Menstrual cycle

Answer

Luteal phase

Question 44

Which cycle involves changes in the uterine lining?

Accepted Answer

Uterine cycle

Answer

Ovarian cycle

Answer

Menstrual cycle

Answer

Follicular phase

Question 45

Which phase has follicle growth and rising estrogen?

Accepted Answer

Follicular phase

Answer

Luteal phase

Answer

Ovulation

Answer

Menstruation

Question 46

What is the release of the egg from the ovary called?

Accepted Answer

Ovulation

Answer

Menstruation

Answer

Cleavage

Answer

Implantation

Question 47

Which phase forms the corpus luteum and raises progesterone?

Accepted Answer

Luteal phase

Answer

Follicular phase

Answer

Menstruation

Answer

Ovulation

Question 48

What is the shedding of the uterine lining called?

Accepted Answer

Menstruation

Answer

Ovulation

Answer

Implantation

Answer

Cleavage

Question 49

What is fertilization outside the body followed by embryo implantation?

Accepted Answer

IVF

Answer

Artificial insemination

Answer

Cloning

Answer

Contraception

Question 50

Which method introduces sperm artificially into the female tract?

Accepted Answer

Artificial insemination

Answer

IVF

Answer

Contraception

Answer

Cloning

Question 51

What process produces genetically identical organisms?

Accepted Answer

Cloning

Answer

IVF

Answer

Artificial insemination

Answer

Stem cells

Question 52

Which cells can develop into many different cell types?

Accepted Answer

Stem cells

Answer

Gametes

Answer

Zygote

Answer

Blastula

Question 53

What is an agent causing birth defects called?

Accepted Answer

Teratogen

Answer

Pathogen

Answer

Carcinogen

Answer

Mutagen

Question 54

Which methods prevent pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

Contraception

Answer

Implantation

Answer

Ovulation

Answer

Menstruation

Question 55

What hormonal mechanism maintains homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Negative feedback loop

Answer

Positive feedback

Answer

Menstrual cycle

Answer

Ovarian cycle

Question 56

Which organisms produce their own food via photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Autotrophs

Answer

Heterotrophs

Answer

Saprophytes

Answer

Parasites

Question 57

What is the permanent loss of a species called?

Accepted Answer

Extinction

Answer

Contraception

Answer

Fertilization

Answer

Replication

Question 58

Which therapies target uncontrolled cell reproduction?

Accepted Answer

chemotherapy

Answer

Radiation |therapy

Answer

immunotherapy

Answer

surgery

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