Homeostasis Remediation

Why are nucleic acids necessary for survival?

• Nucleic acids make enzymes to break down food.

• Nucleic acids store and transmit genetic information.

• Nucleic acids provide structures for cells.

• Nucleic acids store fat for long-term energy.

The cell membrane is selectively permeable and controls the movement of molecules into and out of the cell. The diagram shows molecules passing through the cell. Which part of the cell membrane shows active transport?

• Z

• X

• Y

• W

DNA and RNA are examples of

• Nucleic Acids

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Lipids

Glucose isomerase is an enzyme that converts glucose into fructose in the human body. Can the same reaction be performed in a laboratory using an enzyme other than glucose isomerase?

• No. Enzymes are specific for their substrate.

• Yes. All enzymes are similar in their structure.

• Yes. All enzymes function in a similar manner.

• No. Enzymes are active only inside a human body.

Examine the structures in the diagram. What is shown in the area labeled Z.

• phosphorous bilayer

• phospholipid bilayer

• carrier proteins

• receptor proteins

Fats and enzymes are both specialized molecules. How do the functions of fats and enzymes differ?

• Fats regulate body functions, while enzymes denature harmful bacteria.

• Fats provide support for cells, while enzymes lower the pH of gastric juices.

• Fats store chemical energy, while enzymes regulate chemical reactions.

• Fats are structural building materials, which enzymes are transportation molecules.

What is the process in which water molecules diffuse across a selectively permeable membrane?

• osmosis

• facilitated diffusion

• active transport

• homeostasis

Scientists examine the structure of organic molecules and identify phosphate groups, sugar molecules, and nitrogenous bases. Which molecule were they examining?

• lipid

• protein

• carbohydrate

• nucleic acid

How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions in organisms?

• Enzymes decrease the energy required for a reaction to begin.

• Enzymes increase the energy required for a reaction to begin.

• Enzymes have no effect on the energy required for a reaction to begin.

• Enzymes maintain the energy needed for a reaction to begin.

A long chain of which subunit makes up a protein?

• amino acid

• monosaccharide

• fatty acid

• nucleotide

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