Who are considered stakeholders in software engineering projects?

• Only software engineers

• Only end-users

• Anyone benefiting directly or indirectly from the system

• Only business managers

Answer explanation

Stakeholders include managers, users, customers, and engineers who gain from the system.

What is the main purpose of requirements engineering?

• To write code

• To test the system

• To understand and define software requirements

• To deploy software

Answer explanation

It lays the foundation by clarifying project needs.

Which actor directly interacts with the system to achieve goals?

• Primary actor

• Secondary actor

• Support actor

• Monitoring actor

Answer explanation

Primary actors initiate system interaction.

Entity-Relationship Diagrams (ERDs) represent the behavior of the system in response to events.

• TRUE

• FALSE

Answer explanation

ERDs represent data objects and their relationships.

5. ___________ is the process of understanding and defining software requirements.

Which element in UML models shows sequence of user actions?

• Use case

• Activity diagram

• ER diagram

• Class diagram

Answer explanation

Activity diagrams show step-by-step flow of actions.

Which of the following is an example of a data object?

• Password entry

• Homeowner

• Car with attributes like make and model

• Control panel light

Which is a limitation of use cases?

• Hard to understand

• Not useful for functional needs

• Do not handle nonfunctional requirements well

• Cannot describe user actions

Answer explanation

Use cases focus mostly on functional behavior.

What is a precondition in a use case?

• The system’s final state

• Conditions true before use case starts

• Alternative scenarios

• Unexpected exception

Answer explanation

Preconditions define the starting assumptions.

Requirements must be ___________ so that they can be verified after implementation.