Neuromuscular Physiology

What is the basic structural unit of skeletal muscle?

• Neuron

• Sarcomere

• Axon

• Dendrite

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the myelin sheath in neurons?

• To provide nutrients to the neuron

• To increase the speed of nerve impulse conduction

• To generate action potentials

• To store neurotransmitters

Which part of the neuron receives incoming signals from other neurons?

• Axon

• Dendrite

• Myelin sheath

• Node of Ranvier

Which disease is characterised by the degeneration of motor neurons, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy?

• Multiple Sclerosis

• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

• Parkinson’s disease

• Alzheimer’s disease

What is the main role of the central nervous system?

• To transport oxygen in the blood

• To coordinate and integrate information from the body and environment

• To digest food

• To produce hormones

Which of the following best describes Multiple Sclerosis?

• A disease causing loss of myelin in the central nervous system

• A genetic disorder affecting muscle proteins

• A bacterial infection of the spinal cord

• A disorder of the endocrine system

What is the function of the nodes of Ranvier?

• To store calcium ions

• To allow saltatory conduction of action potentials

• To produce neurotransmitters

• To connect muscles to bones

What is the main function of skeletal muscle?

• To transmit nerve impulses

• To produce voluntary movement

• To secrete hormones

• To store fat

Which of the following best describes the arc reflex?

• A voluntary movement controlled by the brain

• An automatic response to a stimulus involving a sensory and motor pathway

• A process of muscle growth

• A type of neuron degeneration

Which of the following best describes the structure of a neuron?

• Cell body, axon, dendrites

• Sarcomere, myofibril, actin

• Node of Ranvier, muscle fibre, tendon

• Myelin sheath, sarcolemma, mitochondria