SEHS Respiratory System

What is the first part of the oxygen transport system in the human body?

• The respiratory system

• The digestive system

• The circulatory system

• The nervous system

What process makes oxygen available to our lungs?

• Breathing

• Digestion

• Circulation

• Excretion

According to the laws of physics, why is breathing considered an active process?

• Because a substance flows from a high pressure area to a low pressure area

• Because it requires energy from food

• Because it only happens during exercise

• Because it is controlled by the heart

What is one of the main roles of the conducting airways?

• Gas exchange

• Low resistance pathway for airflow

• Producing red blood cells

• Absorbing nutrients

Explain how the structure of the conducting airways contributes to their role in providing a low resistance pathway for airflow.

• The conducting airways are lined with muscle to push air through.

• The structure of the mouth, nose, and cartilaginous rings of the trachea create a low resistance pathway for airflow.

• The conducting airways are filled with fluid to reduce resistance.

• The conducting airways are very narrow to slow down airflow.

Which muscle contracts and moves downward and flattens during inhalation?

• The diaphragm

• The heart

• The liver

• The stomach

What is the primary effect of the external intercostal muscles contracting during inhalation?

• They lift the ribcage up and out

• They compress the lungs

• They relax the diaphragm

• They decrease thoracic cavity volume

What causes air to rush out of the lungs during exhalation?

• Change in pressure gradient (negative pressure gradient)

• Increase in lung temperature

• Contraction of the diaphragm

• Expansion of the thoracic cavity

Which muscles contract to expand the thoracic cavity during inspiration?

• External intercostal muscles and diaphragm

• Internal intercostal muscles and rectus abdominis

• Transversus thoracis and rectus abdominis

• Only the diaphragm

Which muscles are primarily responsible for elevating the ribs during normal inspiration?

• Internal intercostal muscles

• External intercostal muscles

• Rectus abdominis

• Transversus thoracis