Unit 1 Psychology Review

Which perspective studies learning and how rewards and punishments influence how humans and animals act (observable responses)?

• Cognitive
• Behaviorism
• Humanism
• Evolutionary

Which of the following is a primary benefit of using longitudinal studies in psychological research?

• They only require data collection at a single point in time.

• They allow researchers to observe changes over time within the same individuals.

• They are less expensive than cross-sectional studies.

• They eliminate the need for participant follow-up.

What is the main purpose of using a double-blind study in psychological research?

• To increase the sample size of the study

• To ensure that only the participants are unaware of the treatment they receive

• To eliminate bias from both participants and researchers

• To allow researchers to choose which participants receive the treatment

What is a primary limitation of naturalistic observation as a research method?

• It cannot be used to study animals

• It often lacks control over extraneous variables

• It always requires participant consent

• It provides only quantitative data

What is psychology?

• The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

• The study of human behavior, especially the study of origins, organization, institutions, and development of human society.

Which research method involves observing subjects in their natural environment without interference?

• Experiment

• Naturalistic observation

• Case study

• Survey

An experiment where neither the participants nor the experimenter know who has received the treatment, until the experiment has concluded, is known as what?

• Random Experiment
• Single-blind Experiment
• Stratified Experiment
• Double-blind Experiment

What is the role of the dependent variable in an experiment?

• It is what the researcher is trying to measure.

• It is manipulated to see its effect on another variable.

• It is kept constant throughout the experiment.

• It is used to eliminate alternative explanations.

Which of the following is a key advantage of using the interview method in psychological research?

• It requires no ethical considerations

• It is the fastest way to collect data from large groups

• It eliminates all forms of researcher bias

• It allows for in-depth exploration of participants' thoughts and feelings

Classical and operant conditioning are most closely associated with which psychological approach?

• Humanistic

• Biological

• Behavioral

• Cognitive