Valence Electrons & Covalent/ Ionic Bonds

What are valence electrons?

• The electrons in the outermost shell of an atom

• The electrons in the innermost shell of an atom

• The total amount of electrons in an atom

• The fewest amount of electrons in an atom

Why are valence electrons important?

• They indicate the atom's reactivity with other atoms

• They indicate how much energy an atom has

• They describe an atom's atomic mass

• They indicate how dense an atom will be

Lithium has (a)   valence electron. Fluorine has ​ (b)   valence electrons

• 1
• 7
• 2
• 8

Arrange the following elements according to their valence electrons.

• Nitrogen

• Carbon

• Magnesium

• Hydrogen

• Aluminum

What is a covalent bond?

• A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms of nonmetallic elements

• A chemical bond that involves the destruction of electron pairs between atoms of metallic elements

• A chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms of metallic elements

• A chemical bond that involves the taking of electron pairs between atoms of metallic elements

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

Compounds formed by covalent bonding are known as ________.

• molecules

• chemicals

• atoms

• isotopes

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

What is the Octet Rule?

• a chemical rule of thumb that atoms of main-group elements tend to combine so that each atom has 8 electrons in its valence shell

• a chemical rule of thumb that atoms of all elements tend to combine so that each atom has 8 electrons in its valence shell

• a chemical rule of thumb that atoms of main-group elements tend to combine so that each atom has 2 electrons in its valence shell

• a chemical rule of thumb that atoms of main-group elements tend to combine so that each atom has 8 electrons in its inner shell

What type of chemical bond does the image represent?

• A covalent bond

• An ionic bond

How can we represent a covalent bond?

• Write the element symbols and draw in bond lines and lone pairs

• Rearrange electrons and add additional atoms if necessary

• Circle the new valence shells for each atom.

• Write the Lewis Dot Diagrams for the involved atoms

• Write the new compound's molecular formula

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS1-1

What is an ion?

• An atom that has lost or gained electrons and now has an electric charge

• An atom that now has a full valence shell

• An atom that has a neutral charge

• An atom that only has a negative charge

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-3