Kinetic Energy and Potential Energy Topic 1 Lesson 2 Quiz

Which graph descriptions are correct based on the relationship between kinetic energy and mass, speed, and/or time? Choose all that apply.

• a graph of mass vs. kinetic energy, with kinetic energy decreasing as mass increases

• a graph of speed vs. kinetic energy, with kinetic energy decreasing as time increases

• a graph of mass vs. kinetic energy, with kinetic energy increasing as mass increases

• a graph of time vs. kinetic energy, with kinetic energy increasing as time increases

• a graph of speed vs. kinetic energy, with kinetic energy increasing as speed increases

A group of students is pushing three sleds down a hill in winter. The masses of each sled are shown in the data table.

• Sled 3 has double the kinetic energy of sled 2.

• Sled 3 has the greatest kinetic energy of all three sleds.

• Sled 3 has half the kinetic energy of sled 2.

• Sled 1 has half the kinetic energy of sled 2.

Bonito has potential energy while he is in the starting blocks, getting ready to run his 5-kilometer race. Which of the following statements are true about his potential energy? Choose the three statements that apply.

• It can do work.

• It is stored energy.

• It might be used later.

• It can be changed into kinetic energy.

George rolled four different types of paper into four different cylinders. Identical 10-cm rubber bands were placed around the cylinders to hold the paper in place. Each number in the answer choices is the diameter of one of the cylinders.

Which cylinder has the rubber band with the greatest elastic potential energy?

• 5 cm

• 10 cm

• 20 cm

• 25 cm

Use the information below to answer questions 5 and 6. Sophia is planning on going down an 8-m water slide. Her weight is 50 N. She knows that she has gravitational potential energy (GPE) at various points on the slide. At each point, her GPE can be found by using an equation. GPE = weight × height above ground 5. Graph Sophia’s GPE versus height every 2 m as she goes down the slide. Use height in meters above ground on the y-axis. Use GPE in Joules on the x-axis.

• GPE at 8 m = 50 N × 8 m = 400 J GPE at 6 m = 50 N × 6 m = 300 J GPE at 4 m = 50 N × 4 m = 200 J GPE at 2 m = 50 N × 2 m = 100 J GPE at 0 m = 50 N × 0 m = 0 J Plot these points on the graph.

• GPE at 8 m = 50 N × 8 m = 200 J GPE at 6 m = 50 N × 6 m = 150 J GPE at 4 m = 50 N × 4 m = 100 J GPE at 2 m = 50 N × 2 m = 50 J GPE at 0 m = 50 N × 0 m = 0 J Plot these points on the graph.

• GPE at 8 m = 50 N × 8 m = 800 J GPE at 6 m = 50 N × 6 m = 600 J GPE at 4 m = 50 N × 4 m = 400 J GPE at 2 m = 50 N × 2 m = 200 J GPE at 0 m = 50 N × 0 m = 0 J Plot these points on the graph.

• GPE at 8 m = 50 N × 8 m = 100 J GPE at 6 m = 50 N × 6 m = 75 J GPE at 4 m = 50 N × 4 m = 50 J GPE at 2 m = 50 N × 2 m = 25 J GPE at 0 m = 50 N × 0 m = 0 J Plot these points on the graph.

As height increases, what happens to gravitational potential energy (GPE)? What is another example of this relationship? If Sophia’s GPE decreases, what happens to her kinetic energy?

• GPE increases; for example, a book on a higher shelf has more GPE; Sophia’s kinetic energy increases.

• GPE decreases; for example, a ball on the ground has more GPE; Sophia’s kinetic energy decreases.

• GPE stays the same; for example, a car parked on a hill has less GPE; Sophia’s kinetic energy stays the same.

• GPE is not related to height; for example, a rock in water has more GPE; Sophia’s kinetic energy is unaffected.

The speeds that he travels at different locations are shown in the data table. Location Speed Park 8 mph Bike path 9.7 mph Neighborhood 16 mph Which of the following statements are true based on the data table? Choose all that apply.

• A. His kinetic energy was halved from the park to the neighborhood.

• B. His kinetic energy doubled from the park to the neighborhood.

• C. His kinetic energy quadrupled from the park to the neighborhood.

• D. He had the least kinetic energy on the bike path.

• E. He had the least kinetic energy in the park.

The step listed in the diagram that shows that the kinetic energy of the arrow is greater than the elastic potential energy of the bow is (a)  

• step 3
• step 1
• step 2

Answer explanation

An object that is not moving has zero kinetic energy.

The arrow is not moving in Steps 1 and 2 and therefore has zero kinetic energy. Step 3 shows the arrow moving through the air; therefore the arrow has kinetic energy. At this same step the bow has returned to its rest position having transferred energy to the arrow. The kinetic energy of the arrow is now greater than the elastic potential energy of the bow.

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS3-1

NGSS.MS-PS3-5

Match the pictures to their kinetic or potential energy:

• High kinetic energy

• B- Roller Coaster that is at the BOTTOM of a hill.

• Low elastic potential energy

• C- Compressed spring

• High elastic potential energy

• A- Spring that is NOT compressed.

• High gravitational potential energy

• D- Ball that is being pushed UP a hill