2.02 Muscular System

During a biology class, Maya is asked to identify a muscle located on the head. Which muscle should she choose?

• gluteus maximus

• external oblique

• masseter

• diaphragm

Luna noticed that after her leg was in a cast for several weeks, the muscles seemed to have decreased in size. What term describes this condition?

• enlargement

• without pain

• sensation

• shrinking

Ethan experienced pain when he stepped on a nail in an old wooden board while walking his dog. When arriving home, he removes his shoe and sees a puncture wound in the bottom of his foot. Ethan understands that he is at risk for:

• talipes

• tendinitis

• tetanus

• torticollis

David is chewing a tough piece of steak and notices the muscle on the side of his jaw working hard to close his mouth. Which muscle covers the lateral surface of the mandible and is responsible for closing the jaw?

• zygomaticus major

• orbicularis oris

• masseter

• frontalis

Mary has had muscle pain and fatigue for over three months. Her doctor prescribed treatment for her symptoms. Mary's diagnosis is most likely:

• muscular dystrophy

• myasthenia gravis

• muscle spasm

• fibromyalgia

During the first basketball practice of the season, Jake begins experiencing muscle cramps and has to stop and rest for a few minutes. Jake understands that he is having these cramps due to a build-up of lactic acid in the muscles caused by:

• glucose oxidation

• muscle atrophy

• muscle fatigue

• muscle tone

Nora is studying how the body controls the passage of substances in different areas, such as the openings between the esophagus and stomach, as well as in the anus, urethra, and mouth. She learns that certain circular muscles are responsible for this control. What is this type of muscle called?

• cardiac

• skeletal

• smooth

• sphincter

Joe flexes his biceps. What characteristic of muscles describes what is happening to Joe's biceps when he flexes them?

• contractibility

• elasticity

• excitability

• extensibility

While helping Grace move a heavy box, she feels the muscle at the top of her shoulder working hard, just above and closer to her body than her triceps brachii. Which muscle is Grace using?

• pectoralis major

• biceps brachii

• trapezius

• deltoid

While helping Benjamin move a heavy box, you notice a large muscle on his back that is located just below the trapezius. Which muscle is this?

• sternocleidomastoid

• gluteus maximus

• external oblique

• latissimus dorsi