Front

What was the geographical origin of the Franks before establishing their kingdom?

Back

Modern-day Germany

Front

What happened to Europe after the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476?

Back

Various Germanic tribes established their own kingdoms

Front

What nickname was given to Charles Martel, and why?

Back

The Hammer, due to his military leadership and decisive victories

Front

How did Clovis unite the Frankish tribes?

Back

By military conquest and consolidation

Front

What was the historical significance of the Battle of Tours in 732?

Back

It halted the northward advance of Muslim armies and preserved Christianity in Western Europe

Front

What was Charlemagne's primary goal in establishing his empire?

Back

To unite Europe under Christianity and create a stable society

Front

Why were the Franks able to establish a powerful kingdom after the fall of the Western Roman Empire?

Back

They united different tribes and adapted to local cultures

Front

What was the primary role of a vassal in the feudal system?

Back

To provide military service and loyalty in exchange for land

Front

What was the primary purpose of the three-field system in medieval agriculture?

Back

To increase food production

Front

What role did guilds play in medieval town life?

Back

They controlled trade, quality, and training in specific crafts