Review - Ch 7 Skeletal - Physiology

What is the main role of bone remodeling?

• To recycle and renew organic and mineral components of bone matrix

• To maintain bone structure through regular exercise

• To balance the activity of osteocytes, osteoclasts, and osteoblasts

• To provide a calcium reserve for the body

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Why would you expect the arm bones of a weight lifter to be thicker and heavier than those of a jogger?

• Weight lifters have higher levels of calcitriol in their blood

• Weight lifting increases the activity of osteoclasts

• Weight lifting causes bones to receive lower stress

• Weight lifting leads to higher bone turnover and deposition

What general effects do the hormones PTH, calcitriol, and calcitonin have on blood calcium levels?

• PTH and calcitriol raise blood calcium levels, while calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels

• PTH and calcitonin raise blood calcium levels, while calcitriol lowers blood calcium levels

• Calcitriol and calcitonin raise blood calcium levels, while PTH lowers blood calcium levels

• Calcitriol and PTH raise blood calcium levels, while calcitonin lowers blood calcium levels

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What is the difference between a closed fracture and an open fracture?

• Closed fractures are completely internal, while open fractures project through the skin

• Closed fractures are more dangerous due to risk of infection, while open fractures can only be seen on x-rays

• Closed fractures are named based on the nature of the break, while open fractures are named based on the location of the break

• Closed fractures form a large blood clot, while open fractures form a callus around the break

What is osteopenia?

• A crack or break in a bone

• Inadequate ossification that naturally occurs as part of the aging process

• The process of bone remodeling

• The most abundant mineral in the body

What happens to bone mass as part of the aging process?

• Osteoblast activity slows down, while osteoclast activity remains constant

• Osteoblast activity remains constant, while osteoclast activity slows down

• Osteoblast activity and osteoclast activity both increase

• Osteoblast activity and osteoclast activity both decrease

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What are bone markings?

• Landmark features on the surfaces of bones

• The process of bone repair after a fracture

• The divisions of the skeletal system

• The different types of fractures

Which division of the skeletal system forms the longitudinal axis of the body?

• Axial skeleton

• Appendicular skeleton

• Skull bones

• Bones of the thoracic cage

How many bones are there in the axial skeleton?

• 80

• 8

• 14

• 25

What are the bones associated with the skull called?

• Ossicles

• Cranial bones

• Facial bones

• Hyoid bone