WJEC CS U1 Cybersecurity

What is malware?

• Software designed to protect a network

• Software created to harm or exploit systems

• Hardware that prevents unauthorised access

• Software that monitors network traffic

Which of the following is a virus most likely to do?

• Encrypt files and demand payment

• Reduce system performance

• Monitor user activity secretly

• Pretend to be useful software

Which type of malware locks a user’s files until money is paid?

• Worm

• Spyware

• Trojan Horse

• Ransomware

What makes a worm different from a virus?

• Worms require a host file to spread

• Worms can replicate and spread without a host program

• Worms are not harmful to systems

• Worms only infect removable drives

Which malware secretly collects user data such as keystrokes?

• Spyware

• Trojan horse

• Rootkit

• Firewall

What is phishing?

• Sending fake messages to trick users into sharing information

• Cracking passwords through repeated guessing

• Blocking access to a website

• Copying a database illegally

An attacker phones an employee pretending to be IT support and requests login details. Which social-engineering method is this?

• Phishing

• Pretexting

• Baiting

• Impersonation

Offering a “free gift” download that installs malware is an example of:

• Trojan

• Phishing

• Spoofing

• Credential stuffing

Which attack involves trying every possible password combination until one works?

• Dictionary attack

• Brute-force attack

• SQL injection

• Man-in-the-middle

A dictionary attack uses what to guess passwords?

• Randomly generated numbers

• Commonly used words and phrases

• Encrypted hashes

• Hardware addresses