Booker v. Washington

Maya is researching strategies for black social and economic progress after the Civil War. She learns about two leaders: Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois. Maya wants to know which leader emphasized self-help and accommodation in their approach. Who should she focus on?

• Booker T. Washington

• W.E.B. Du Bois

• Frederick Douglass

• Marcus Garvey

Nora is studying the ideas of Booker T. Washington in her history class. She learns that Washington believed blacks should accept discrimination temporarily. Evaluate the reasoning behind this belief. What did Washington argue this would achieve?

• It would lead to immediate social equality.

• It would allow blacks to lift themselves through hard work and material gains.

• It would encourage blacks to leave the United States.

• It would result in the abolition of segregation laws.

Nora is researching the educational philosophies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois for her history project. She wants to know which skills Washington emphasized for black advancement. What should she focus on in her research?

• Intellectual growth and higher education

• Crafts, industrial, and farming skills

• Political activism and legal studies

• Artistic expression and literature

Michael is a community leader who encourages young African Americans to practice patience and thrift, believing that over time, these qualities will lead to greater respect from whites and eventual full acceptance as citizens. Assess the long-term impact of Michael’s strategy. What does he believe this will result in?

• Immediate acceptance into all parts of society

• Respect from whites and eventual full acceptance as citizens

• Increased segregation and discrimination

• Political revolution

Maya and Ethan are discussing strategies for social progress in their community. Maya supports Washington’s approach, while Ethan brings up W.E.B. Du Bois’s criticism. According to Du Bois, what did he believe Washington’s approach would maintain?

• Black economic independence

• White oppression

• Racial harmony

• Political stability

Kai is studying the history of civil rights movements and is evaluating the strategic reasoning behind Du Bois’s advocacy for political action and a civil rights agenda. To further these goals, which organization did Du Bois help found?

• Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC)

• National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP)

• Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)

• Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC)

Mia and Kai are discussing how to address racial inequality in their community. Mia suggests that focusing on crafts and farming skills is the best approach, while Kai believes that focusing on intellectual growth and creating wise men is more effective. Based on Du Bois's educational strategies, which approach did he prefer as the best way to confront racial inequality?

• Focusing on crafts and farming skills

• Focusing on intellectual growth and creating wise men

• Encouraging migration to Africa

• Promoting athletic achievement

Imagine a city where leaders are discussing how to bring about social change in the African American community. One group suggests following Du Bois’s concept of the “Talented Tenth.” What was the intended role of this concept in creating social change?

• To create a group of skilled laborers

• To develop a small group of college-educated blacks to lead social change

• To promote agricultural development

• To encourage mass protests

Liam and Aiden are discussing strategies for black progress in their community. Liam supports Du Bois’s belief that political action is necessary, while Aiden leans toward Washington’s focus on economic self-help. Strategically evaluate why Liam believes political action is necessary for black progress, as opposed to Aiden’s focus on economic self-help.

• Political action would immediately end discrimination

• Economic self-help alone would not challenge systemic oppression

• Political action was less risky than economic advancement

• Economic self-help was more effective than political action

Noah and Zoe are members of a community organization working to improve equality for African Americans. Using evidence from the philosophies of Booker T. Washington and W.E.B. Du Bois, reason which leader’s approach would be more effective for Noah and Zoe to achieve long-term equality in their community and justify your answer.

• Booker T. Washington, because self-help leads to gradual acceptance

• W.E.B. Du Bois, because political action and education confront systemic inequality

• Booker T. Washington, because patience is always rewarded

• W.E.B. Du Bois, because crafts and farming skills are most valuable