Ecology Unit Vocabulary Part 2

What is the term for the following definition? 'The continuous journey water takes as it moves from the Earth's surface into the atmosphere and back again, changing between liquid, solid, and gas forms in a process powered by the sun's energy.'

• water cycle

• photosynthesis

• carbon cycle

• erosion

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What is the process where plants 'sweat' by releasing water vapor into the air?

• transpiration

• photosynthesis

• respiration

• pollination

What is the process where living things get the energy they need to live by breaking down food?

• respiration

• photosynthesis

• fermentation

• transpiration

Fill in the blank: A food web is a network of interconnected _______ within an ecosystem, showing how different organisms get energy by eating and being eaten by others.

• food chains

• energy pyramids

• nutrient cycles

• habitats

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What is a first-order consumer? Fill in the blank: A first-order consumer is ____________.

• an organism that eats producers (plants) to obtain energy

• an organism that only eats other consumers

• an organism that produces its own food through photosynthesis

• an organism that decomposes dead matter

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What is an organism, either a carnivore or an omnivore, that eats primary consumers (herbivores) called?

• second-order consumer

• primary producer

• decomposer

• autotroph

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What is an organism like fungi, bacteria that breaks down dead organic matter—like dead plants and animals—into simpler forms of matter called?

• decomposer

• producer

• consumer

• scavenger

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What is the term for the following definition: 'a position an organism occupies in terms of how it gets its food and energy'?

• trophic level

• habitat

• niche

• population

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Which of the following is an example of cooperation?

• Two animals fighting over food

• Worker ants gathering food and materials while soldier ants defend the nest

• A drought limiting the growth of a population

• Animals migrating to a new area

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The image shows an environmental factor that limits population growth, like drought. What is this called?

• Cooperation

• Competition

• Limiting factor

• Mutualism

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