Q2 UCSP 12 Assessment 1

What branch of anthropology studies objects left by earlier people like tools and remains?

• Sociology
• Geology
• Archaeology
• Paleontology

Answer explanation

Archaeology is defined as the study of objects such as human remains tools and structures left by earlier people.

Which concept refers to the physical characteristics and origin of humankind?

• Cultural Evolution
• Biological Evolution
• Social Development
• Political Growth

Answer explanation

Biological evolution concerns the physical traits and origins of the human species based on evidence like fossils and skeletal remains.

Who is credited with dividing the Stone Age into Paleolithic and Neolithic periods?

• Charles Darwin
• Sir John Lubbock
• Augustus Pitt-Rivers
• Christian J. Thompson

Answer explanation

Sir John Lubbock divided the Stone Age into the Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) and Neolithic (New Stone Age).

What theory proposed that Earth's geological processes have been consistent throughout time?

• Catastrophism
• Creationism
• Natural Selection
• Uniformitarianism

Answer explanation

James Hutton's theory of Uniformitarianism concluded that the natural processes shaping the landscape have always been the same.

What term describes the process of humans gradually adapting to environmental changes for survival?

• Natural Selection
• Cultural Relativism
• Social Stratification
• Genetic Engineering

Answer explanation

Charles Darwin called the process of adapting to environmental changes for survival 'natural selection' or the 'survival of the fittest'.

Which hominid species is known as the 'handy man' for its ability to make stone tools?

• Australopithecus
• Homo erectus
• Homo sapiens
• Homo habilis

Answer explanation

The fossil discovered by Louis and Mary Leakey in 1972 was named Homo habilis or 'handy man' because it made stone tools.

The discovery of 'Lucy' in Ethiopia provided evidence for which early human ancestor?

• Homo erectus
• Neanderthal
• Australopithecus
• Homo habilis

Answer explanation

The female fossil called 'Lucy' discovered in 1974 was classified as an Australopithecus.

Which cultural period is characterized by nomadic hunters and fishers using crude stone tools?

• Neolithic
• Iron Age
• Bronze Age
• Paleolithic

Answer explanation

The Paleolithic or Old Stone Age was the period when humans were nomadic hunters and fishers.

What is the term for a society's progressive development due to the human ability to think and create?

• Biological Evolution
• Natural Selection
• Cultural Evolution
• Genetic Mutation

Answer explanation

Cultural evolution describes the development of societies resulting from the human capacity to think create and adapt.

Who introduced the concept of cultural relativism arguing that no culture is better than another?

• Lewis H. Morgan
• Edward Tylor
• Franz Boas
• Sir Grafton Elliot Smith

Answer explanation

Franz Boas advocated for cultural relativism which is the view that all cultures are unique and should be valued as such without judgment.