CIRCULATORY SYSTEM (A LEVEL)

Blood pressure is highest in _________________, and blood moves most slowly in _________________.

• veins; capillaries

• arteries; capillaries

• veins; arteries

• arteries; veins

When the doctor listened to Janet’s heart, he heard “lub-hiss, lub-hiss” instead of the normal “lub-dup” sounds. The hiss is most likely due to _________________.

• a defective atrioventricular (AV) valve

• a damaged pacemaker (SA node)

• a defective semilunar valve

• high blood pressure

Which of the following is the main difference between your cardiovascular system and that of a fish?

• Your heart has two chambers; a fish heart has four.

• Your circulation has two circuits; fish circulation has one.

• Your heart chambers are called atria and ventricles.

• Yours is a closed system; the fish’s is an open system.

Paul’s blood pressure is 150/90. The 150 indicates _________________, and the 90 indicates _________________.

• pressure in the left ventricle; pressure in the right ventricle

• pressure during ventricular contraction; pressure during heart relaxation

• systemic circuit pressure; pulmonary circuit pressure

• pressure in the arteries; pressure in the veins

Which of the following initiates the process of blood clotting?

• damage to the lining of a blood vessel

• conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin

• attraction of white blood cells to a site of infection

• conversion of fibrin to fibrinogen

Blood flows more slowly in the arterioles than in the artery that supplies them because the arterioles

• have thoroughfare channels to venules that are often closed off, slowing the flow of blood.

• have sphincters that restrict flow to capillary beds

• are narrower than the artery.

• collectively have a larger cross-sectional area than does the artery.

Which of the following is not a true statement about open and closed circulatory systems?

• Both systems have some sort of a heart that pumps a circulatory fluid through the body.

• A frog has an open circulatory system; other vertebrates have closed circulatory systems.

• The blood and interstitial fluid are separate in a closed system but are indistinguishable in an open system.

• Some of the circulation of blood in both systems results from body movements.

Trace the path of blood starting in a pulmonary vein, through the heart, and around the body, returning to the pulmonary vein. Name, in order, the heart chambers and types of vessels through which the blood passes

(a)  

Answer explanation

Use the following diagram to review the flow of blood through the human cardiovascular system. Label the indicated parts

Label the diagram.