Bio Practice: Exercise, Cellular Respiration, and Homeostasis

How does the Exercise and Cellular Respiration Investigation use bromothymol blue (BTB) to measure carbon dioxide production?

• BTB changes color in the presence of carbon dioxide, indicating its production.

• BTB measures oxygen levels directly in the blood.

• BTB is used to detect glucose in the muscles.

• BTB is a dye that stains muscle tissue for observation.

Based on the texts, what is the primary difference between aerobic and anaerobic cellular respiration?

• Aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic does not.

• Anaerobic respiration produces more energy than aerobic.

• Aerobic respiration occurs only in plants.

• Anaerobic respiration uses sunlight as energy.

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Explain the role of insulin in maintaining blood glucose homeostasis.

• Insulin lowers blood glucose by helping cells absorb glucose.

• Insulin increases blood glucose by breaking down glycogen.

• Insulin is only involved in fat metabolism.

• Insulin prevents oxygen from entering cells.

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According to the provided information, what happens to the body's energy stores during prolonged exercise, like cycling for several hours without eating?

• The body uses stored fat and glycogen for energy.

• The body only uses protein for energy.

• The body stops producing energy.

• The body increases its fat stores.

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Define homeostasis and provide one example of a process in the human body that it regulates.

• Homeostasis is maintaining internal balance; an example is regulating body temperature.

• Homeostasis is the process of cell division; an example is mitosis.

• Homeostasis is the breakdown of food; an example is digestion.

• Homeostasis is the movement of muscles; an example is walking.

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When a person loses weight by burning fat, how do the components of the fat molecules primarily leave the body?

• As carbon dioxide and water through breathing and urination.

• As solid waste through the intestines.

• As sweat only.

• As heat energy only.

What are two reasons mentioned in the texts that muscles may become tired during exercise?

• Lack of oxygen and buildup of lactic acid.

• Too much sunlight and dehydration.

• Excessive protein intake and low blood pressure.

• High levels of insulin and low temperature.

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What is a feedback loop, as described in the context of glucose regulation?

• A process where the body detects changes in glucose and responds to maintain balance.

• A process where muscles contract repeatedly.

• A loop of blood flow in the heart.

• A cycle of breathing in and out.

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In the Exercise and Cellular Respiration Investigation, what three indicators were measured to determine the effect of exercise on cellular respiration?

• Carbon dioxide production, breathing rate, and heart rate.

• Blood pressure, skin color, and temperature.

• Muscle size, bone density, and vision.

• Sweat production, hair growth, and nail length.

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What is glycogen, and where is it stored in the body?

• Glycogen is a stored form of glucose found in the liver and muscles.

• Glycogen is a protein stored in the skin.

• Glycogen is a fat stored in the bones.

• Glycogen is a vitamin stored in the kidneys.

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