Fluid Mechanics Concepts and Principles

Why is it important for engineers to consider the outside of a system?

• Systems are completely isolated from their environment.

• Mass and energy can be created or destroyed by external factors.

• Machines, buildings, and even bodies are influenced by their surroundings.

• Focusing only on the inside simplifies the design process.

What is the primary focus of fluid mechanics?

• The study of how solid objects interact with each other.

• The study of how fluids respond to the forces exerted on them.

• The study of how gases are created and destroyed.

• The study of how liquids change temperature.

What happens to fluid particles in motion when they come into contact with a solid surface, according to the no-slip condition?

• They accelerate rapidly away from the surface.

• They come to a complete stop relative to the surface.

• They begin to evaporate due to friction.

• They change their chemical composition.

What property of a fluid measures its resistance to flow, often referred to as its "thickness"?

• Density

• Pressure

• Viscosity

• Elasticity

What is a key characteristic that differentiates non-Newtonian fluids from Newtonian fluids?

• Their density changes with temperature.

• Their viscosity remains constant regardless of applied stress.

• Their viscosity changes depending on the applied stress.

• They are always thicker than Newtonian fluids.

What happens to quicksand when a person steps onto it?

• It becomes more viscous, making it harder to sink.

• It becomes less viscous, causing the person to sink.

• It remains unchanged, as it is a Newtonian fluid.

• It solidifies completely, trapping the person on the surface.

What was Osborne Reynolds' significant contribution to the field of fluid mechanics?

• He invented the first practical pump for fluids.

• He discovered the principle of buoyancy.

• He identified two main types of fluid flow: laminar and turbulent.

• He developed the formula for calculating fluid density.

What does a Reynolds number lower than 2100 typically indicate about fluid flow in a pipe?

• Turbulent flow

• Transitional flow

• Laminar flow

• Chaotic flow