Labor Movement and Progressive Era Quiz

Which of the following best explains why labor unions like the Knights of Labor formed during the late 1800s?

• Workers wanted to eliminate all competition between factories.

• Poor working conditions and low wages led workers to organize for reform.

• Employers encouraged workers to join unions for better productivity.

What was one major effect of the Haymarket Square Riot (1886)?

• The public grew more supportive of union activities.

• The Knights of Labor gained national influence.

• Public opinion turned against unions and associated them with violence.

Which best describes the difference between the Knights of Labor and the American Federation of Labor (AFL)?

• The AFL focused on skilled workers and practical goals.

• The Knights of Labor only allowed women to join.

• The AFL supported anarchist movements.

The Homestead Strike and Pullman Strike both demonstrated that:

• The federal government generally sided with business owners over workers.

• Strikes were always successful in improving conditions.

• Union leaders controlled national labor policy.

Why did many Americans fear socialists and anarchists in the late 1800s?

• They believed these ideologies threatened private property and democracy.

• These groups supported large monopolies.

• They were primarily supported by the wealthy elite.

What was a major belief of the socialist movement in the United States?

• Government should control key industries to ensure fair wealth distribution.

• Unions should be outlawed to encourage business growth.

• Workers should not be paid for overtime labor.

What was the significance of the Pullman Strike (1894)?

• It marked the first peaceful resolution of a national strike.

• It showed the government’s willingness to use military force to end labor unrest.

• It led to the immediate success of the American Railway Union.

How did child labor contribute to the overall labor problem of the late 19th century?

• It raised adult wages.

• It reduced overall unemployment rates.

• It lowered wages and deprived children of education.

Which tactic did employers use to weaken labor unions?

• Passing the Sherman Antitrust Act.

• Using lockouts, scabs, and blacklists.

• Supporting collective bargaining agreements.

Who led the American Federation of Labor (AFL)?

• Samuel Gompers

• Terrence Powderly

• Eugene V. Debs