Which of the following best describes the difference between a skill and an ability?

• A skill is something we learn; an ability is something we are born with.

• A skill is something we are born with; an ability is something we learn.

• Both skill and ability are things we learn.

• Both skill and ability are things we are born with.

Which process is being demonstrated in the diagram showing people in a park with multiple distractions?

• Selective attention

• Motor coordination

• Long-term memory

• Physical endurance

According to Broadbent (1956), what happens to information that is not selected in the short-term memory (STM)?

• It is filtered out

• It is stored in long-term memory

• It is immediately recalled

• It is used for decision making

Compare the duration and capacity of sensory store, short-term memory, and long-term memory.

• Sensory store: less than 1 second, 1 item; Short-term memory: 6-12 seconds, 7 items (+/-2); Long-term memory: indefinite, indefinite

• Sensory store: indefinite, 7 items; Short-term memory: less than 1 second, 1 item; Long-term memory: 6-12 seconds, 7 items

• Sensory store: 6-12 seconds, indefinite; Short-term memory: less than 1 second, 1 item; Long-term memory: 7 items, indefinite

• Sensory store: 7 items, indefinite; Short-term memory: indefinite, 1 item; Long-term memory: less than 1 second, 6-12 seconds

Which approach to motor learning is described in the provided material?

• Linear pedagogical approach

• Cognitive behavioral approach

• Constructivist approach

• Holistic approach

What is the process called when people group numbers together to aid memory?

• Chunking

• Sorting

• Repetition

• Coding

Why does chunking help people remember more information than their typical STM capacity?

• It reduces the number of bits to remember by grouping items

• It increases the total memory capacity

• It makes the information more interesting

• It eliminates the need for repetition

Who created an experiment to test reaction time to an initial stimulus (S1) and a second stimulus (S2)?

• Welford

• Pavlov

• Skinner

• Bandura

What is the typical range for simple reaction time when there are no choices?

• 170-200 ms

• 100-120 ms

• 250-300 ms

• 50-80 ms

If a task involves more stimuli and choices, what is the expected effect on response time?

• Slower response

• Faster response

• No change in response

• Unpredictable response