Sumerian Civilization and Innovations

What material was primarily used by the inhabitants of the first empire to build their cities?

• Wood

• Stone

• Mud

• Metal

What does the name "Mesopotamia" signify, referring to its geographical location?

• Land of the Sun

• Between Two Rivers

• Fertile Crescent

• Great Civilization

Around 5000 BCE, what innovative agricultural technique did early Sumerians employ to cultivate previously dry land?

• Crop rotation

• Terrace farming

• Irrigation channels

• Slash-and-burn

Which significant invention by the Sumerians revolutionized the creation of household goods and tools from mud?

• The plow

• The loom

• The potter's wheel

• The arch

Approximately when did the world's first cities, built by the Sumerians, likely emerge?

• 6000 BCE

• 5500 BCE

• 4500 BCE

• 3000 BCE

In Sumerian society, which group occupied the highest position on the social ladder?

• Farmers

• Merchants

• Enslaved people

• Priests and Priestesses

How were the Sumerian city-states primarily connected, despite lacking centralized control?

• A unified military

• A common currency

• Shared language and spiritual beliefs

• A single ruling emperor

What was the dual role of a king in a Sumerian city-state?

• Farmer and warrior

• Merchant and craftsman

• Priest and ruler

• Scribe and architect

What was the name of the large, stepped pyramid temple dedicated to a city's patron deity in Sumer?

• Pyramid

• Obelisk

• Ziggurat

• Sphinx

Besides pottery, what other significant application did the Sumerians find for the wheel around 3200 BCE?

• Water pumps

• Chariots and wagons

• Windmills

• Textile production