ATTENTION AND CONSCIOUSNESS

What type of processing is this?

We allow the stimulus itself to shape our perception, without any preconceived ideas Concentrating our mental activity due to an interesting stimulus in the environment that has captured our attention.

(a)  

What type of processing is this?

We use our background knowledge and expectations to interpret what we see Concentrating our mental activity to pay attention to some specific stimulus.

(a)  

This is defined as a concentration of mental activity that allows you to take in a limited portion of the vast stream of information available from both your sensory world and your memory

(a)  

Attention relies on:

• top-down processing

• bottom-up processing

• both

• none of these are the answer

What type of attention is this?

Trying to pay attention to two or more simultaneous messages, responding appropriately to each message. When attempting to equally divide your attention between two or more messages, both your speed and accuracy suffer. (a)   strains the limits of attention.

What type of attention: Requires people to pay attention to certain kinds of information while ignoring other ongoing information

(a)  

Requires the subject to shadow, or repeat aloud, a message presented to one ear while ignoring a message presented to the other ear.

If the listener makes mistakes in ignoring or shadowing the message in one ear, researchers can then identify that the listener is not paying appropriate attention to the specified message.

• stroop effect

• visual search

• dichotic listening

can explain attentional bias, which describes a situation in which people pay extra attention to some stimuli or some features

Example: Words such as “hairy” or “crawly” makes a person with a fear of spiders slowly say the words unlike those without fear of spiders. They show an attentional bias to the meaning of the stimuli.

• stroop effect

• visual search

• dichotic listening

The observer must find a target in a visual display that has numerous distractors

This includes two (2) effects: The isolated-feature/combined-feature effect. The feature-present/feature-absent effect.

• stroop effect

• visual search

• dichotic listening

our perception of the world around us is strongly affected by our recurring thoughts. For example, those who frequently think about th eclothes they wear, pay more attention to the clothes of others

What kind of bias is this?

(a)