Unit 1 Test Review

Charlotte is studying the composition of different biological macromolecules in her biology class. She learns that all of them contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, but only some contain nitrogen. Which category of macromolecules that Charlotte is studying contains nitrogen?

• Lipids

• Proteins

• Carbohydrates

• Unsaturated Fats

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-1

Priya is conducting an experiment in her biology class. She analyzes samples of DNA from a cell and compares them to samples of glucose from the same cell. Select the elements that Priya would find in the DNA samples but not in the glucose samples. Select two answers.

• Carbon

• Hydrogen

• Nitrogen

• Phosphorous

• Oxygen

Small insects can walk across the surface of calm water. Their feet push the surface of the water down slightly, somewhat like a person walking across a trampoline, but they do not break the surface. What is the best explanation for why this happens?

• The insects are light enough so that they do not break the hydrogen bonds holding the water molecules together.

• The insects actually use their wings to hover slightly above the water’s surface and they only skim it with their feet

• The insects’ feet are non-polar, so they are repelled by the polar water molecules and are pushed away from the water’s surface

• The insects are small enough to see the individual water molecules, so they are able to step carefully from one molecule to the next

Tags

NGSS.MS-PS2-5

Liam is baking bread, but the dough is rising very slowly. He learns that adding yeast, which contains enzymes, can help the dough rise faster. Which of the following best explains why enzymes are necessary for many cellular reactions, like the rising of bread dough?

• Enzymes supply the oxygen necessary for the reactions

• Enzymes change reactants from solid to liquids during the reaction

• The reactions take up too much space in the cell if the enzymes are missing

• The reactions are too slow to meet the needs of the cell if enzymes are missing

Aria is conducting an experiment in her biology class. She notices that a certain enzyme will react with proteins but not fats. Which statement best explains this observation?

• Proteins act as a coenzyme for reactions

• Fat molecules are too large to be reacted with

• Enzyme molecules are specific in their actions

• Fats are composed of lipids which cannot be reacted

While Mason was learning about water in his science class, he discovered that the oxygen side of a water molecule is negatively charged and the hydrogen side is positively charged. This property of water is called ____.

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-5

Liam is learning about proteins in his biology class. His teacher asks him which of the following is NOT a function that proteins perform in the body. Which one should Liam choose?

• Digest food

• Carry genetic information

• Carry oxygen in the blood

• Speed up chemical reactions

A simple cracker that you might eat with cheese is made from wheat. A wheat plant is a type of grass. The wheat grain, or seed, contains a large percentage of starch, a carbohydrate. When you eat a cracker made from wheat, you might notice that as you chew the cracker, it becomes wet from your saliva. You might even notice that the cracker soon begins to taste sweet. Your saliva contains a protein called an enzyme that breaks down the cracker in your mouth, beginning the process of digestion. The enzyme breaks down starch, a polymer containing many glucose units, into a smaller molecule called maltose, which contains only two glucose units. A close-up of one glucose monomer that is part of a longer starch polymer is shown in the diagram. Observe the molecular drawing of the glucose molecule shown. Which elements make up this molecule?

• Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

• Carbon dioxide and water

• Sugar

• All of the above

Tags

NGSS.HS-LS1-6

Leon has a big football game this evening. What Macromolecule should he load up on during dinner to ensure that he has enough energy for the big game?

• Carbohydrates

• Proteins

• Nucleic Acids

• Lipids

Lily is cleaning her kitchen and notices that water can dissolve sugar, salt, and many other substances with ease. Which of the following properties of water is responsible for this ability, and is due primarily to the uneven distribution of charge between hydrogen and oxygen atoms?

• Its color

• Its taste

• Its ability to produce buoyant forces

• Its ability to dissolve nearly all substances

Tags

NGSS.HS-ESS2-5