Enviro Sci Ch 4 Test Review

According to the case study, which group of organisms includes frogs, toads, and salamanders and shows great biodiversity with 6,700-plus species?

• Reptiles

• Amphibians

• Fish

• Mammals

Fill in the blank: Many amphibian populations have declined or vanished since 1980 likely due to a combination of _______.

• chemical pollution, habitat loss, increased UV levels, and warming climate

• overfishing, urbanization, and increased tourism

• genetic modification, space exploration, and fossil fuel shortages

• deforestation, industrialization, and increased agricultural exports

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Strategic Thinking: Biodiversity is considered one of the three scientific factors of sustainability because it helps maintain ecosystem stability and resilience. Which of the following best explains why biodiversity is important for sustainability?

• It increases ecosystem stability and resilience.

• It reduces the need for renewable resources.

• It eliminates all environmental problems.

• It prevents climate change entirely.

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Recall: Fill in the blank to complete the statement: Biodiversity is one of three scientific factors of _______.

• sustainability

• evolution

• photosynthesis

• gravity

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Approximately how many species have been identified on Earth?

• About 200,000

• About 2 million

• About 20 million

• About 100 million

Select all environments listed that exemplify ecosystem diversity as described.

• Deserts

• Grasslands

• Forests

• Oceans

• Lakes

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Fill in the blank: Biomes are major habitations/large ecosystems with distinct _______ and species.

• climates

• colors

• shapes

• sizes

Functional diversity is the variety of processes that occur within ecosystems, such as _______ and matter cycling.

• energy flow

• photosynthesis

• predation

• migration

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An ecosystem contains multiple species that share similar functional traits. Which outcome is most likely according to the material?

• The ecosystem becomes more vulnerable to species loss.

• Energy flow stops entirely.

• The ecosystem better withstands some species loss without losing functionality.

• Matter cycling is eliminated.

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A local community is deciding whether to conserve a biodiverse wetland. Use evidence to justify the decision by explaining how biodiversity builds natural capital for humans and their economy.

• Biodiversity in wetlands supports natural capital by providing ecosystem services such as water purification, flood control, and resources for local economies.

• Biodiversity in wetlands only benefits animal populations and does not impact humans or their economy.

• Conserving wetlands reduces natural capital by limiting land available for development.

• Wetland biodiversity has no effect on ecosystem services or economic benefits for humans.

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