Computer Architecture and Organization

Which of the following best describes the primary role of the CPU in a computer system?

• A. Storing data permanently for future use

• B. Coordinating data transfer between devices

• C. Processing instructions and performing calculations

• D. Displaying the output to the user

What does the acronym ALU stand for?

• Arithmetic and Logical Unit

• Automated Logical Utility

• Algorithmic Logic Unit

• Address Location Utility

Which component holds the address of the next instruction to be executed?

• MDR

• MAR

• IR

• PC

In Von Neumann architecture, where are both data and instructions stored?

• Separate memory units

• CPU registers only

• Control unit

• Single unified memory

Why is the Von Neumann architecture prone to bottlenecks?

• It uses outdated analog processing methods

• Data and instructions share the same bus

• It stores instructions in registers, not memory

• It lacks control units for managing data flow

How does the control unit interact with the ALU?

• It performs all logical operations independently

• It supplies power for arithmetic functions

• It directs the ALU on what operations to perform

• It replaces the ALU when performing calculations

What distinguishes a mainframe from a microcomputer?

• Mainframes are typically used in gaming

• Microcomputers process data more quickly

• Mainframes handle larger data and serve many users

• Microcomputer use hybrid architectures

What is the function of the MDR (Memory Data Register)?

• Stores addresses accessed in memory

• Converts instructions to binary format

• Temporarily holds data being transferred to/from memory

• Stores output for display devices

You press “Ctrl + S” to save a file. Which of the following sequences best represents how the computer handles this action?

• A. Output device → ALU → Memory

• B. Input device → CPU → Software → Memory

• C. CPU → Output → Storage → ALU

• D. RAM → Input device → Output → CPU

Which type of computer would be most suitable for analyzing global climate data in real-time?

• Minicomputer

• Mainframe

• Supercomputer

• Laptop