What is the main function of the parasympathetic division of the nervous system?

Activates the body for rest and digestion

Prepares the body for physical activity

Controls voluntary muscle movements

Increases heart rate during stress

If a person is relaxing after a meal, which division of the nervous system is primarily at work, and why?

Parasympathetic, because it activates rest and digestion

Sympathetic, because it accelerates the body for action

Central, because it controls all body functions

Somatic, because it manages voluntary actions

Which of the following is a primary function of neurons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

To receive and transmit stimuli, conduct action potentials, and release neurotransmitters

To provide structural support to axons

To produce myelin for the central nervous system

To regulate blood flow in the brain

What is the main role of Schwann cells in the PNS?

To myelinate axons of PNS neurons and speed up nerve impulses

To transmit electrical impulses

To regulate neurotransmitter release

To form the blood-brain barrier

Why are multiple Schwann cells needed to myelinate a single PNS neuron?

Because each Schwann cell can only myelinate a small segment of an axon

Because Schwann cells are not capable of producing myelin

Because neurons in the PNS are much larger than those in the CNS

Because Schwann cells also regulate neurotransmitter release

How are satellite cells in the PNS similar to astrocytes in the CNS?

Both protect neurons and help regulate their internal environment

Both are involved in muscle contraction

What is the function of the axonal hillock in a neuron?

Where the cell body narrows and forms the axon, also called the trigger zone

Receives information from other neurons

Site where neurotransmitters are stored

Separates the neuron from the next cell

What is the synaptic cleft?

The space that separates the neuron and the cell it is communicating with

The part of the neuron that contains the nucleus

The site where impulses are generated

A student is examining a diagram of a neuron and is asked to identify the part where the cell body narrows and forms the axon. What reasoning should the student use to correctly identify this part?

It is the region called the axonal hillock, also known as the trigger zone, where the cell body narrows and forms the axon.

It is the part that receives information from other neurons.

It is the site where neurotransmitters are released.

It is the space between two neurons.

Why is the synaptic cleft important in neural communication?

It separates the neuron from the cell it is communicating with, allowing for the transfer of signals.

It is where the cell body is located.

It generates electrical impulses.

What is the function of the part labeled as "1" in the neuron diagram?

To receive signals from other neurons

What is the main role of the myelin sheath (labeled as "5") in a neuron?

To speed up the transmission of nerve impulses

If the axon terminals (labeled as "4") are damaged, which process would be most directly affected?

Sending signals to the next neuron or effector cell

Receiving signals from other neurons

Which statement best describes unipolar neurons?

They have one process that connects to the cell body, with the cell body sticking off midway down the myelinated axon.

They have three or more processes attached to the cell body.

They have two processes connected to the cell body.

They are only found in the CNS.

Compare and contrast the structural differences between multipolar, bipolar, and unipolar neurons. Provide an example of where each type is typically found in the human body.

Multipolar: 3+ processes, found in CNS; Bipolar: 2 processes, found in retina and nose; Unipolar: 1 process, found in PNS.

Multipolar: 2 processes, found in retina; Bipolar: 1 process, found in PNS; Unipolar: 3+ processes, found in CNS.

Multipolar: 1 process, found in PNS; Bipolar: 3+ processes, found in CNS; Unipolar: 2 processes, found in retina.

Multipolar: 2 processes, found in nose; Bipolar: 1 process, found in CNS; Unipolar: 3+ processes, found in retina.

What is the main structural difference between a bipolar neuron and a multipolar neuron?

Bipolar neurons have two branches, while multipolar neurons have multiple branches.

Bipolar neurons have multiple branches, while multipolar neurons have two branches.

Bipolar neurons lack a cell body, while multipolar neurons have one.

Bipolar neurons have no axon, while multipolar neurons have an axon.

Explain how the structural differences among multipolar, bipolar, and pseudo-unipolar neurons might affect their function in the nervous system.

The number and arrangement of branches can influence how signals are received and transmitted, with multipolar neurons integrating more inputs, bipolar neurons specializing in sensory pathways, and pseudo-unipolar neurons efficiently transmitting signals over long distances.

All neuron types function identically regardless of structure.

Only multipolar neurons can transmit signals.

Bipolar neurons are slower than multipolar neurons due to their structure.

What is the primary function of interneurons?

Transmit impulses within the brain or spinal cord

Carry impulses from the body to the brain

Carry impulses out of the brain or spinal cord

A student is given a diagram showing a neuron transmitting an impulse from the spinal cord to a muscle. Which type of neuron is most likely being depicted, and what is its main function?

Motor neuron; causes the body to respond

Sensory neuron; senses the environment

Interneuron; transmits impulses within the spinal cord

Bipolar neuron; transmits impulses to glands

What is the main function of the Na+/K+ membrane pumps in a neuron?

To actively transport 3 Na+ ions out and 2 K+ ions into the cell using energy

To passively allow ions to move in and out of the cell

To transport proteins out of the cell

To create an equal charge on both sides of the membrane

What is the net effect on the charge across the membrane every time the Na+/K+ pump operates?

The charge across the membrane increases by 2, with more positives on the outside

The charge becomes more negative outside

The charge across the membrane increases by 2, with more positives on the inside

Why can't many negative proteins (anions) in the cytoplasm move out of the cell?

They are too big to move out of the cell

They are attracted to the outside of the cell

They are actively transported out

They are neutralized by K+ ions

Explain how the Na+/K+ pump contributes to the resting membrane potential of a neuron. (DoK Level 3)

It moves more Na+ ions out than K+ ions in, creating a positive charge outside and a negative charge inside.

It allows equal movement of Na+ and K+ ions, resulting in no charge difference.

It only moves K+ ions into the cell, making the inside more positive.

It moves proteins out of the cell, making the outside more negative.

What happens to the membrane potential of a neuron when an excitatory stimulus causes sodium channels to open?

The cell becomes depolarized, moving closer to 0 mV.

The cell becomes hyperpolarized, moving further from 0 mV.

The cell remains at the same membrane potential.

The cell releases potassium ions into the extracellular space.

Nervous System Worksheet

12th Grade

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100 Qs

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Nervous System Worksheet

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Science

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12th Grade

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Practice Problem

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Hard

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NGSS

HS-LS1-3, MS-LS1-2, HS-PS2-5

Standards-aligned

William Dunham

FREE Resource

Processes sensory information

Coordinates voluntary movements

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Nervous System Worksheet

100 questions

Which of the following is made up of the brain and spinal cord and is responsible for sending instructions to the rest of the body and processing incoming information?

What is the main function of the peripheral nervous system?

Which division of the peripheral nervous system delivers sensory information to the CNS from receptors?

The efferent division of the PNS is responsible for which of the following?

Explain how the afferent and efferent divisions of the peripheral nervous system work together to maintain body function.

Which part of the nervous system controls skeletal muscle contractions and is considered voluntary?

What is the main function of the autonomic nervous system?

Which of the following best describes the autonomic nervous system?

A student is experiencing an increased heart rate and sweating during a stressful situation. Which division of the nervous system is primarily responsible for these responses?

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for activating the body for the "flight or fight" response?

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