October 24 - Psych 2030

What is the definition of ethical conduct in research?

• Doing things that are efficient

• Doing things that are morally right and avoiding what is wrong

• Following laws strictly without exception

• Doing whatever the participant requests

Why is ethics considered “messy” in research?

• Because it is easy to apply universally

• Because every study has the same moral framework

• Because once studies are created, ethical decisions become complicated

• Because researchers ignore it

Which of the following is not one of the “realistic factors” in ethics?

• Different perspectives

• Degrees of wrongness

• Financial gain

• Mitigation strategies

What is the purpose of ethics codes?

• To punish unethical scientists

• To systematize what is morally right and wrong

• To encourage competition between researchers

• To justify deception

Ethics codes should be all of the following except:

• Consistently interpreted

• Comprehensive

• Focused only on physical harm

• Continually updated

What makes “unbiased” ethics codes difficult to achieve?

• Lack of funding

• Differences in background, culture, and perspective

• Scientific uncertainty

• Technology limitations

What was the first major international code of ethics in research?

• Belmont Report

• Nuremberg Code (1949)

• APA Ethics Code

• TCPS-2

According to the Nuremberg Code, participants must:

• Be paid for participation

• Give voluntary consent and be free to withdraw

• Be chosen randomly

• Be unaware of the study purpose

Which of the following was not part of the Nuremberg Code?

• Benefits to society

• Avoiding harm

• Using deception freely

• Conducting research by qualified scientists

In the Milgram experiment (1963), participants were told to:

• Participate in a puzzle-solving game

• Administer shocks to another person

• Act as guards or prisoners

• Give up their consent