Ecological Succession

How do lichens contribute to primary succession?

• Lichens decompose organic matter from animals and plants
• Lichens begin to break down rock to form soil
• Lichens are nitrogen fixing bacteria
• Lichens convert carbohydrates into fossil fuels.

What is formed during primary succession that doesn't need to be formed during secondary succession?

• pioneer species
• soil
• climax community
• lichens

After a forest fire, an ecosystem would start regrowth through -

• primary succession
• secondary succession
• climax community
• limiting factors

The end result of ecological succession is usually a(n)

• A.land biome.

• B.aquatic biome.

• C.unstable community.

• D.climax community.

Abandoned railroad tracks are overgrown with weeds. Ten years later there are small aspen trees growing in the middle of the tracks. This change is an example of:

• Primary succession

• Biological evolution

• Secondary succession

• Heterotrophic nutrition

What type of succession is shown going from figure A to figure B?

• primary succession
• eutrophication
• secondary succession
• intermediate

Which experiences the least change over time?

• Pioneer Species

• Primary Succession

• Aquatic Succession

• Climax Community

Which of the following best describes an example of primary succession?

• Volcano wipes out ecosystem that gradually grows back from ash covered soil

• Volcano creates a new island of rock that must break down to form an ecosystem

• Forest fire burns down forest that must bounce back over time

• Tornado destroys a crop that must slowly grow back over time.

Which progression best explains secondary succession?

• lichens>grass>shrubs>small trees> big trees

• mosses>creates soil>grasses>small trees> big trees

• Volcano destroys ecosystem>grasses>shrubs>small trees>big trees

• Volcano forms new island> lichens>grasses>shrubs>small trees>big trees

Both primary and secondary succession...

• start with species that modify an area to allow more complex organisms to appear

• start with lichens and moss

• never reach climax community

• start from a volcano always