Analogies

Complete the analogy: Pen is to write as shovel is to _____.

• dig

• dirt

• garden

• metal

Answer explanation

The relationship is object-to-function. A pen's function is to write, and a shovel's function is to dig.

Match each word pair to the type of relationship it shows.

• Cause-and-Effect

• study : good grades

• Synonyms

• tired : sleepy

• Part-to-Whole

• petal : flower

Answer explanation

A petal is part of a flower (Part-to-Whole). Tired and sleepy are synonyms. Studying can lead to good grades (Cause-and-Effect).

Which word completes the analogy? Huge is to enormous as tiny is to _____.

• small

• large

• giant

• average

Answer explanation

The relationship is based on synonyms. 'Huge' and 'enormous' are synonyms, so the correct answer must be a synonym for 'tiny,' which is 'small.'

Sort these analogy pairs into the correct relationship categories: Part-to-Whole or Object-to-Function.

Groups:

(a) Part-to-Whole

,

(b) Object-to-Function

• wheel : car

• camera : photograph

• keyboard : computer

• scissors : cut

Answer explanation

A wheel is part of a car and a keyboard is part of a computer (Part-to-Whole). The function of scissors is to cut and a camera is to photograph (Object-to-Function).

Complete the analogy: Day is to night as happy is to _____.

• joyful

• sad

• excited

• angry

Answer explanation

The relationship is based on antonyms (opposites). 'Day' and 'night' are opposites, so the correct answer must be an antonym for 'happy,' which is 'sad.'

Which type of relationship is shown in the pair 'student : school'?

• Person to Location

• Part to Whole

• Cause to Effect

• Synonyms

Answer explanation

The analogy shows the typical location associated with a person or object. A student is typically found at a school.

Match the first part of each analogy to the pair that correctly completes it.

• dog is to puppy.

• Doctor is to hospital as...

• teacher is to classroom.

• Cat is to kitten as...

• password is to account.

• Key is to lock as...

Answer explanation

The first pair shows an adult-to-young relationship. The second shows a worker-to-workplace (location) relationship. The third shows an object-to-function relationship in a modern context.

Which word best completes the analogy? Effort is to success as practice is to _____.

• skill

• game

• team

• failure

Answer explanation

The relationship is cause and effect. Effort can lead to success. Similarly, practice is a cause that leads to the effect of improved skill.

Sort these word pairs into two groups: Synonyms (similar meaning) or Antonyms (opposite meaning).

Groups:

(a) Synonyms

,

(b) Antonyms

• brave : courageous

• begin : start

• loud : quiet

• empty : full

Answer explanation

'Brave'/'courageous' and 'begin'/'start' are pairs of words with similar meanings. 'Empty'/'full' and 'loud'/'quiet' are pairs of words with opposite meanings.

Read the analogy: Thermometer is to temperature as ruler is to length. What is the relationship?

• Tool to Measurement

• Part to Whole

• Cause to Effect

• Object to Location

Answer explanation

A thermometer is a tool used to measure temperature, just as a ruler is a tool used to measure length. This is a tool-to-measurement relationship.