Analogies

Complete the analogy: finger is to hand as toe is to ___.

• foot

• leg

• shoe

• nail

Answer explanation

The relationship is part to whole. A finger is a part of a hand, just as a toe is a part of a foot.

Match each word pair to the relationship it shows.

• Synonyms (words with the same meaning)

• cold : shiver

• Antonyms (words with opposite meanings)

• up : down

• Cause and Effect (an action and its result)

• brave : courageous

Answer explanation

Each pair is matched to its relationship: 'brave' and 'courageous' are synonyms; 'up' and 'down' are antonyms; and being 'cold' can cause one to 'shiver'.

Sort each analogy into the category that best describes its relationship: Part to Whole, or Object to Function.

Groups:

(a) Part to Whole

,

(b) Object to Function

• petal : flower

• pencil : write

• wheel : bicycle

• key : lock

Answer explanation

A wheel is part of a bicycle and a petal is part of a flower (Part to Whole). A key is used to operate a lock and a pencil is used to write (Object to Function).

Complete the analogy: scissors are to cut as shovel is to ___.

• dig

• dirt

• garden

• metal

Answer explanation

The relationship is object to function. Scissors are used to cut, and a shovel is used to dig.

Complete the analogy: cow is to calf as cat is to ___.

• kitten

• puppy

• cub

• feline

Answer explanation

The relationship is adult to young. A calf is a young cow, and a kitten is a young cat.

Match each pair to the relationship it represents.

• Worker and Action

• pilot : airplane

• Worker and Tool/Vehicle

• teacher : school

• Worker and Workplace

• doctor : heal

Answer explanation

A teacher works at a school (workplace). A doctor's job is to heal (action). A pilot uses an airplane (tool/vehicle).

Complete the analogy: thirsty is to drink as tired is to ___.

• sleep

• bed

• yawn

• work

Answer explanation

The relationship is problem to solution. When you are thirsty, you drink. When you are tired, you sleep.

Classify each analogy based on its relationship type: Part to Whole, or Adult to Young.

Groups:

(a) Part to Whole

,

(b) Adult to Young

• dog : puppy

• branch : tree

• lion : cub

• keyboard : computer

Answer explanation

A branch is part of a tree and a keyboard is part of a computer (Part to Whole). A puppy is a young dog and a cub is a young lion (Adult to Young).

Complete the analogy: glad is to happy as sad is to ___.

• angry

• unhappy

• sleepy

• excited

Answer explanation

The relationship is based on synonyms. 'Glad' is a synonym for 'happy', and 'unhappy' is a synonym for 'sad'.

Which statement best explains the relationship in the analogy leaf : tree?

• A leaf is the opposite of a tree.

• A leaf is a part of a whole tree.

• A leaf is used to make a tree.

• A leaf grows into a tree.

Answer explanation

This analogy shows a part-to-whole relationship, where the first word (leaf) is a component of the second word (tree).