DNA and Genetic Material Quizs

How is a gene different from a chromosome?

• A gene is a long strand of DNA that contains many traits, while a chromosome is a small section of DNA that codes for one trait.

• A gene is a small section of DNA that codes for one trait, and a chromosome is a long strand of DNA with many genes on it.

• A gene is a type of chromosome that only exists in certain organisms, while a chromosome is a universal structure found in all living things.

• A gene is a segment of RNA that codes for proteins, while a chromosome is a structure that contains only DNA.

What is a genome?

• It’s all of the DNA inside a cell — every gene and chromosome together.

• It’s the complete set of proteins produced by a cell.

• It’s the collection of all the RNA molecules in a cell.

• It’s the sequence of amino acids in a protein.

What is the difference between chromatin and a chromosome?

• Chromatin is the loose (unwound) form of DNA, while a chromosome is condensed and visible during cell division.

• Chromatin is a type of protein, while a chromosome is made of RNA.

• Chromatin is found only in prokaryotic cells, while chromosomes are found in eukaryotic cells.

• Chromatin is the form of DNA that is only present during interphase, while chromosomes are present during all stages of the cell cycle.

Which is more inclusive: a gene or a chromosome?

• A gene is more inclusive — it contains many chromosomes.

• A chromosome is more inclusive — it contains many genes.

• Both are equally inclusive.

• Neither is inclusive.

Why does gene expression matter?

• It’s what makes different cells in your body do different jobs.

• It determines the color of your eyes.

• It controls the speed of your metabolism.

• It is responsible for the production of energy in cells.

What are the sex chromosomes for females and males?

• Female = XX, Male = XY.

• Female = XY, Male = XX.

• Female = YY, Male = XX.

• Female = X, Male = Y.

What is the function of helicase in DNA replication?

• It unwinds and separates the two strands of DNA.

• It synthesizes new DNA strands.

• It repairs damaged DNA.

• It adds RNA primers to the DNA strands.

What do autosomes and allosomes refer to?

• Autosomes are chromosome pairs 1–22; allosomes are the 23rd pair (sex chromosomes).

• Autosomes are the sex chromosomes; allosomes are chromosome pairs 1–22.

• Autosomes are chromosome pairs 1–23; allosomes are the 24th pair.

• Autosomes are pairs of chromosomes that determine blood type; allosomes are pairs that determine height.

What holds the two strands of DNA together?

• Covalent bonds between the sugar-phosphate backbone.

• Hydrogen bonds between the nitrogen base pairs.

• Ionic bonds between the nucleotides.

• Van der Waals forces between the DNA strands.

What is the backbone of a DNA molecule made of?

• Amino acids and nucleotides

• Sugar and phosphate groups linked together.

• Fatty acids and glycerol

• Proteins and carbohydrates