Quiz about Types of Aquatic Biomes and Estuaries

Question 1

Which statement best identifies the two major categories of aquatic biomes?

Accepted Answer

Freshwater and saltwater (marine)

Answer

Rivers and oceans

Answer

Wetlands and estuaries

Answer

Lakes and streams

Question 2

Select all examples of freshwater biomes from the list.

Accepted Answer

Lakes

Accepted Answer

Rivers/Streams

Accepted Answer

Wetlands

Answer

Oceans

Answer

Estuaries

Question 3

Which option lists saltwater (marine) biomes according to the material?

Accepted Answer

Oceans and estuaries

Answer

Lakes and wetlands

Answer

Rivers and streams

Answer

Ponds and marshes

Question 4

Aquatic biomes are categorized by which combination of abiotic factors?

Accepted Answer

Salinity, temperature, and amount of sunlight

Answer

Nutrient cycles, plate tectonics, and wind speed

Answer

Latitude, altitude, and rainfall

Answer

pH, soil type, and cloud cover

Question 5

According to the definition provided, what is an estuary?

Accepted Answer

The mouth of a river where freshwater meets the ocean and mixes with saltwater due to tides

Answer

A lake formed by glacial meltwater

Answer

A section of the deep ocean where sunlight does not penetrate

Answer

A wetland that only contains freshwater year-round

Question 6

Which process primarily causes mixing of fresh and salt water in an estuary?

Accepted Answer

Tides

Answer

Evaporation

Answer

Groundwater seepage

Answer

Photosynthesis

Question 7

Select all statements that correctly describe estuaries based on the material.

Accepted Answer

They occur where a freshwater river or stream meets the ocean.

Accepted Answer

They are part of saltwater/marine biomes.

Accepted Answer

Mixing occurs because of tidal action.

Answer

They are purely freshwater bodies with no salt influence.

Question 8

Which statement correctly compares salt concentration in freshwater and marine biomes?

Accepted Answer

Marine biomes have about 3% salt; freshwater biomes have 0.1%

Answer

Freshwater biomes have about 3% salt; marine biomes have 0.1%

Answer

Both freshwater and marine biomes have about 1% salt

Answer

Freshwater biomes have no dissolved salts; marine biomes have 10%

Question 9

Which description best defines the intertidal zone presented in the material?

Accepted Answer

A transition area between land and sea affected by tides

Answer

A deep ocean region with no sunlight

Answer

A freshwater river delta far inland

Answer

A polar marine area covered by ice year-round

Question 10

Organisms in the intertidal zone benefit most from which adaptation, according to the material?

Accepted Answer

Ability to attach to a substrate to avoid being carried away by tides

Answer

Ability to photosynthesize at night

Answer

Ability to migrate long distances across open ocean

Answer

Ability to live only in constant water depth

Question 11

Select the traits that organisms in intertidal zones typically need to survive, based on the material.

Accepted Answer

Tolerance for a wide range of water levels

Accepted Answer

Tolerance for varying levels of air exposure

Accepted Answer

Ability to attach to a substrate

Answer

Strict requirement for constant submersion

Question 12

Which group of organisms is specifically mentioned as inhabiting intertidal zones in the material?

Accepted Answer

Urchins, sea stars, and anemones

Answer

Jellyfish, sharks, and dolphins

Answer

Octopuses, whales, and seals

Answer

Salmon, trout, and catfish

Question 13

According to the definition provided, what does primary productivity measure?

Accepted Answer

The rate at which sunlight is converted into organic compounds through photosynthesis

Answer

The total biomass present in an ecosystem

Answer

The amount of oxygen released by producers

Answer

The percentage of organisms that survive to adulthood

Question 14

Which process directly enables the conversion of sunlight into organic compounds that defines primary productivity?

Accepted Answer

Photosynthesis

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Fermentation

Answer

Nitrogen fixation

Question 15

Select the statements that correctly describe net primary productivity.

Accepted Answer

It is the amount of organic matter remaining after accounting for cellular respiration by photosynthetic organisms.

Accepted Answer

It can be represented as gross primary productivity minus cellular respiration.

Answer

It equals the total chemical energy produced during photosynthesis without any losses.

Answer

It is unrelated to glucose production or use.

Question 16

Consider the ocean photo showing sunlight over the water. What does this visual emphasize about primary productivity in oceans?

Accepted Answer

Oceans are biologically productive because sunlight drives photosynthesis, converting light to organic compounds.

Answer

Primary productivity in oceans occurs mainly at night when photosynthesis is maximized.

Answer

Ocean productivity is determined only by animal respiration, not by light availability.

Answer

Sunlight reduces primary productivity by breaking down organic compounds.

Question 17

Which statement best distinguishes gross primary productivity from net primary productivity?

Accepted Answer

Gross primary productivity is the total organic matter produced during photosynthesis, whereas net primary productivity is the remaining organic matter after subtracting respiration.

Answer

Gross primary productivity accounts for respiration losses, while net primary productivity does not.

Answer

Gross primary productivity is the glucose used in cellular processes, whereas net primary productivity is the glucose produced.

Answer

Gross primary productivity refers to animal energy intake, whereas net primary productivity refers to plant energy intake.

Question 18

A phytoplankton community produces a large amount of glucose via photosynthesis but uses a portion of it for respiration. What term describes the glucose that remains available to be used by other organisms or for growth?

Accepted Answer

Net primary productivity

Answer

Gross primary productivity

Answer

Cellular respiration

Answer

Secondary productivity

Question 19

According to the summary, which statement correctly distinguishes the two major categories of aquatic biomes?

Accepted Answer

Freshwater biomes have low salt concentrations, while marine biomes have higher salt concentrations

Answer

Both freshwater and marine biomes have the same salt concentration

Answer

Marine biomes have no salt, while freshwater biomes are salty

Answer

Freshwater and marine biomes differ only in temperature, not in salt concentration

Question 20

Which explanation best describes why marine biomes have high primary productivity?

Accepted Answer

They contain many photosynthetic organisms that generate organic matter

Answer

They receive more rainfall than freshwater biomes

Answer

They cover less area, concentrating nutrients

Answer

They have colder temperatures that slow respiration

Question 21

Select all statements that align with the summary of aquatic biomes.

Accepted Answer

Aquatic biomes are categorized into freshwater and marine

Accepted Answer

Marine biomes generally have higher salt concentrations than freshwater biomes

Accepted Answer

Photosynthetic organisms contribute to productivity in marine environments

Answer

Primary productivity is low in marine biomes due to few producers

Question 22

Select all statements that are supported by the passage about primary productivity in marine environments.

Accepted Answer

Phytoplankton are responsible for a large share of global photosynthesis

Accepted Answer

The open ocean has low primary productivity despite its vast area

Accepted Answer

Algal beds and coral reefs have the highest primary productivity on Earth

Answer

Photosynthesis is distributed evenly throughout the ocean

Question 23

Which group performs most oceanic photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Phytoplankton

Answer

Zooplankton

Answer

Benthos (bottom-dwelling animals)

Answer

Marine mammals

Question 24

What proportion of marine species is found in algal beds and coral reefs, as stated in the passage?

Accepted Answer

About 25%

Answer

About 10%

Answer

About 50%

Answer

More than 75%

Question 25

Use the image of the open ocean to infer why photosynthesis might not occur equally throughout the ocean. Choose the best explanation grounded in the passage and typical conditions shown.

Accepted Answer

Large expanses of nutrient-poor open waters lead to low productivity despite vast area

Answer

Uniform nutrient levels across the ocean make productivity equal everywhere

Answer

High concentrations of reef-building organisms in the open ocean boost productivity

Answer

Frequent coastal upwelling in the open ocean increases productivity

Question 26

Which statement best describes the euphotic zone of the ocean?

Accepted Answer

The sunlit layer where sunlight is able to penetrate the water, typically down to around 200 m

Answer

A deep region where no sunlight penetrates and photosynthesis cannot occur

Answer

A cold, dense layer below 1000 m where nutrients accumulate

Answer

A zone defined only by salinity changes rather than light

Question 27

About how deep does the euphotic zone generally extend?

Accepted Answer

Around 200 m

Answer

Around 20 m

Answer

Around 2000 m

Answer

Around 2 m

Question 28

In the euphotic zone, which group acts as primary producers that influence the populations and distribution of other organisms?

Accepted Answer

Phytoplankton including microscopic bacteria, algae, and plants

Answer

Zooplankton such as jellyfish

Answer

Large predatory fish

Answer

Deep-sea chemosynthetic bacteria

Question 29

Select the statements that are true about phytoplankton in the euphotic zone.

Accepted Answer

They have plenty of light available for photosynthesis.

Accepted Answer

They are limited by nutrient availability in the ocean.

Accepted Answer

They control the populations and distribution of other organisms.

Answer

They are mainly large multicellular animals.

Question 30

Which factor most limits phytoplankton growth in the euphotic zone despite abundant light?

Accepted Answer

Nutrient availability

Answer

Oxygen concentration

Answer

Water pressure

Answer

Lack of carbon dioxide

Question 31

What is a thermocline?

Accepted Answer

A thin layer in the water where temperature changes quickly, dividing upper and lower layers

Answer

A salty layer that increases evaporation

Answer

A region of constant temperature throughout the water column

Answer

A zone where light is completely absent

Question 32

Why do the warmer waters of the euphotic zone often not mix with the colder, denser waters below?

Accepted Answer

Because the temperature gradient across the thermocline prevents mixing of the layers

Answer

Because winds always blow surface water offshore

Answer

Because salinity is identical at all depths

Answer

Because tides continuously homogenize the water column

Question 33

How can the separation of warm surface water and cold deep water affect nutrients?

Accepted Answer

It restricts the flow of nutrients into the euphotic zone except where upwelling occurs.

Answer

It increases nutrient flow to surface waters everywhere.

Answer

It has no effect on nutrient movement.

Answer

It dilutes nutrients in deep waters only.

Question 34

Which scenario would most likely enhance nutrient availability in the euphotic zone?

Accepted Answer

Specific areas of upwelling that bring deeper water to the surface

Answer

Strong thermocline with no vertical movement

Answer

Calm seas with limited mixing

Answer

Continuous heating of surface waters

Question 35

Select the processes or conditions that directly influence nutrient distribution relative to the euphotic zone.

Accepted Answer

Thermoclines separating warm and cold layers

Accepted Answer

Upwelling that transports deeper water upward

Accepted Answer

Sunlight penetration increasing photosynthesis

Answer

Uniform mixing of the entire water column at all times

Question 36

Which statement correctly connects sunlight penetration and the majority of the ocean?

Accepted Answer

Only a small fraction of the ocean is sunlit; most does not receive sunlight beyond about 200 m.

Answer

Most of the ocean receives strong sunlight throughout its depth.

Answer

Sunlight penetrates uniformly to 1000 m in all oceans.

Answer

Sunlight reaches deeper in colder water due to higher density alone.

Question 37

According to the instructional text, which condition most directly increases ocean productivity by allowing nutrients to mix into surface waters?

Accepted Answer

Absence of thermoclines restricting nutrient flow

Answer

Strong thermoclines that trap deep water

Answer

Persistent cloud cover blocking sunlight

Answer

Low river input of sediments and nutrients

Question 38

Which statement best explains why productivity can be high near the mouths of rivers?

Accepted Answer

Rivers deliver nutrients that fuel phytoplankton growth

Answer

Rivers add warm water that dissolves thermoclines

Answer

River flow strengthens Coriolis forces on coastal currents

Answer

Rivers increase salinity, reducing light penetration

Question 39

Select all conditions that typically lead to low ocean productivity in the open ocean.

Accepted Answer

Presence of strong thermoclines that block deep nutrients

Accepted Answer

Lack of sunlight for photosynthesis in extremely northern oceans

Answer

Abundant nutrients from river mouths

Answer

Frequent upwelling along western coasts

Question 40

In the Southern Ocean, what process pushes nutrient-rich waters northward, supporting productivity in other regions?

Accepted Answer

Currents causing upwelling

Answer

Thermoclines blocking vertical mixing

Answer

Sea ice formation trapping nutrients

Answer

Evaporation increasing surface salinity

Question 41

Why are nutrients from the Southern Ocean critical for marine food webs, according to the text?

Accepted Answer

Phytoplankton use these nutrients to power marine food webs

Answer

They increase salinity, which boosts photosynthesis

Answer

They warm surface waters, accelerating metabolism

Answer

They reduce Coriolis effects, stabilizing currents

Question 42

Select the statements that describe upwelling as presented in the material.

Accepted Answer

It is driven by currents that move water and bring deep nutrients upward

Accepted Answer

It supports ocean productivity by supplying nutrients to surface phytoplankton

Accepted Answer

It mainly happens near western coasts or the equator due to the Coriolis effect

Answer

It occurs when thermoclines strengthen and trap nutrients below

Question 43

According to the material, how do increased temperatures in the Southern Ocean impact nutrient upwelling?

Accepted Answer

They strengthen thermoclines, reducing upwelling

Answer

They weaken thermoclines, increasing upwelling

Answer

They have little effect on vertical mixing processes

Answer

They eliminate the Coriolis effect entirely

Question 44

Which outcome is a predicted consequence of reduced upwelling due to climate change?

Accepted Answer

Expansion of ocean desert areas with low productivity

Answer

Increased river nutrient input to all coasts

Answer

Higher sunlight levels in polar winters

Answer

More frequent storms that enhance mixing

Question 45

Select all factors listed that contribute to high ocean productivity.

Accepted Answer

No thermoclines to restrict nutrient flow

Accepted Answer

Coriolis-driven upwelling at western coasts or the equator

Accepted Answer

Nutrients found at mouths of rivers

Answer

Persistent lack of sunlight

Question 46

Which statement best contrasts conditions in the open ocean with coastal zones near river mouths?

Accepted Answer

Open ocean typically has strong thermoclines that block deep nutrients, whereas river mouths provide concentrated nutrient inputs

Answer

Open ocean receives more sunlight than coasts, whereas river mouths are shaded and unproductive

Answer

Open ocean salinity is lower than river mouths, which prevents phytoplankton growth

Answer

Coastal zones have fewer currents than the open ocean, reducing mixing

Question 47

What is the chain of effects described for climate change impacts on ocean productivity?

Accepted Answer

Higher temperatures strengthen thermoclines, reduce upwelling, and increase ocean desert areas

Answer

Higher temperatures weaken thermoclines, increase upwelling, and reduce ocean desert areas

Answer

Higher temperatures eliminate currents, stop upwelling, and cause flooding

Answer

Higher temperatures increase sunlight at the poles, boosting productivity

Question 48

According to the summary, what completes almost half of global photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

Phytoplankton in the ocean

Answer

Terrestrial forests

Answer

Deep-sea chemosynthetic bacteria

Answer

Atmospheric algae

Answer

Coral animals

Question 49

Select all statements that describe conditions in the euphotic zone as summarized in the text.

Accepted Answer

Phytoplankton receive plenty of light

Accepted Answer

Nutrients can be a limiting factor

Answer

Nutrients are always abundant

Answer

It is primarily associated with coral reefs

Answer

Upwelling reduces available light

Types of Aquatic Biomes and Estuaries

62 questions

Which statement best identifies the two major categories of aquatic biomes?

Select all examples of freshwater biomes from the list.

Which option lists saltwater (marine) biomes according to the material?

Aquatic biomes are categorized by which combination of abiotic factors?

Match each biome category to one example from that category.

According to the definition provided, what is an estuary?

Which process primarily causes mixing of fresh and salt water in an estuary?

Select all statements that correctly describe estuaries based on the material.

Which statement correctly compares salt concentration in freshwater and marine biomes?

According to the material, how much of Earth’s surface is covered by marine biomes?

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