Fundamental Forces and Gravity Concepts

Which theory was strengthened by observations taken during a total solar eclipse?

• Einstein's law of mass-energy equivalence

• Einstein's law of gravitation as the warping of spacetime

• Einstein's photoelectric effect

• Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation

Tags

NGSS.MS-ESS1-1

The pull of gravity actually varies over the surface of the earth. Blue spots have the strongest gravity, and red spots have the weakest. Based on Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, why might this be the case?

• Newton said that every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

• Newton's Law of Gravitation says that gravitational force is greater the closer two objects are to one another. The bottom of the ocean is closer to the center of the earth.

• Gravity cannot be created or destroyed, only changed in form.

• Mountaintops warp spacetime.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

Which of the four fundamental forces is the weakest?

• strong nuclear force

• weak nuclear force

• electromagnetic force

• gravitational force

What type of relationship best describes Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

• Linear equation

• Parabolic equation

• Inverse Square Law

• Circular Law

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

According to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, what would probably happen (and why) if the mass of the sun suddenly doubled?

• The earth would be repelled and sent into interstellar space (because radius and force are inversely proportional)

• The earth would orbit closer and faster, and likely crash into the sun (because mass and force are directly proportional)

• Nothing would change regarding the earth's orbit--the orbit does not depend on mass.

• The moon would get launched towards the sun, but not the earth.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

NGSS.HS-ESS1-4

How are the gravitational force and the electromagnetic force similar? Check all that apply.

• They both follow inverse square laws

• They both include unchanging constants of nature

• They are equally strong

• They both depend on mass

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

Which of the 4 forces is the strongest?

• The strong force

• The weak force

• The gravitational force

• The electromagnetic force

Why can we say that nothing really ever touches anything else?

• Because gravity is pushing all objects apart

• Because the weak force is repelling objects from other objects

• Because negatively charged electrons on the surface of atoms repels the negatively charged surfaces of other objects, leaving a tiny space between things that seem to touch

• Because the strong force is pulling objects together strongly

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS1-1

NGSS.HS-PS1-2

According to Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation, would you expect light to be pulled by gravity?

• Yes, because light has mass

• No, because light does not have mass

• Yes, because the distance between the light and the mass would give you the force

• No, because light has a lot of mass

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-4

NGSS.HS-PS4-3

What does Einstein's theory of spacetime (general relativity) say about how gravity affects light?

• Mass warps the spacetime around the object, causing other objects, including light, to follow the curvature of spacetime.

• All objects with mass pull on all other objects with mass

• Einstein's theory predicts that gravity would not affect light

• Generally, light is too far away to be affected by gravity.