The Scientific Revolution

What was the main shift in thinking during the Scientific Revolution described in the passage?

• People relied more on miracles to explain events

• Scientists used observation, experiments, and reason to understand nature

• Ancient thinkers like Aristotle became the only accepted authorities

• The Church expanded its control over scientific research

Which statement best defines natural laws as presented in the text?

• Rules created by governments to guide citizens

• Unpredictable forces that depend on faith

• Consistent principles that govern how the universe works

• Traditions passed down by ancient philosophers

Match each thinker with the contribution described in the passage.

• Formulated laws of motion and gravity explaining predictable movement

• Galileo Galilei

• Used a telescope to study planets and advanced motion and physics

• Nicolaus Copernicus

• Proposed the heliocentric theory with the Sun at the center

• Isaac Newton

Which development is directly linked to the Scientific Revolution according to the passage? Select all that apply.

• Rise of modern science

• Belief that human reason could explain nature

• Return to strictly religious explanations for natural events

• Growth of the Age of Enlightenment

According to the passage, what did Galileo’s work demonstrate about the role of experiments and observation?

• They were less reliable than traditional beliefs

• They could challenge traditional beliefs and support new theories

• They had no relevance to studying motion and physics

• They proved the Earth is at the center of the universe

Which idea introduced by Copernicus changed how people viewed the universe?

• Geocentric theory placing Earth at the center

• Heliocentric theory placing the Sun at the center

• Theory that planets do not follow predictable paths

• Belief that telescopes are unnecessary for astronomy

What did Isaac Newton’s discoveries show about the universe, based on the passage?

• The universe operates through random events beyond explanation

• Math and science can explain motion through clear, predictable laws

• Gravity is a myth created by early astronomers

• Experiments cannot reveal natural laws

Which broader impact did the Scientific Revolution have on society, as stated in the passage?

• It discouraged people from asking questions

• It led people to study society, government, and human behavior using reason

• It ended technological progress

• It reduced interest in evidence and investigation