Industry and Immigration (1865–1914) Topic 2 Test

How did the U.S. government encourage American industry in the late 1800s?

• by enforcing the Fourteenth Amendment

• by enacting protective tariffs

• by subsidizing the steel industry

• by passing laws to protect workers

It can be inferred from these pie graphs that after 1860 Per Capita Income in the South, 1860 and 1880

• income largely depended on education.

• the South had many resources but little capital investment.

• southern industry suffered when slavery was abolished.

• the northern economy grew more quickly than the southern.

What was the main purpose of the Interstate Commerce Act?

• To set railroad schedules.

• To eliminate unfair railroad practices.

• To monitor railroad rates and practices.

• To nationalize the railroad industry.

Admittance into the United States through Ellis Island was largely dependent on

• how many children for whom the immigrant was seeking citizenship.

• the immigrant’s social standing in his or her home country.

• the applicability of vocational skills the immigrant possesses.

• the validity of the immigrant’s sponsor in the United States.

Compare the statistics for Austria-Hungary and France in the chart and consider where each country was located. What larger trend in immigration do the statistics show?

• French immigration slowed while Austro-Hungarian immigration grew. Immigration from Eastern Europe outpaced immigration from Western Europe.

• French immigration grew faster than Austro-Hungarian immigration. More immigrants at this time came from Europe than from Asia.

• French immigration and Austro-Hungarian immigration grew at similar rates. Most immigrants at this time were skilled workers.

• French immigration grew while Austro-Hungarian immigration slowed. Restrictive laws limited emigration from Eastern Europe at this time.

According to Carnegie, what should wealthy individuals do with their fortunes?

• Keep their wealth for their families.

• Use their money to benefit the community.

• Invest only in profitable businesses.

• Spend their money on luxury items.

According to the pie charts, the population of the United States generally

• A. grew quickly in both rural and urban areas.

• B. declined slowly in urban areas but not rural areas.

• C. shifted steadily from rural areas to urban areas.

• D. moved rapidly from urban areas to rural areas.

What can you infer from this photo of an immigrant family sharing a meal?

• The nation was experiencing a demographic shift from urban to rural areas.

• City planners gave great attention to parks and recreational spaces.

• The middle classes lived primarily in tenements.

• Overcrowding in tenements was a social issue related to urbanization.

“The city is the nerve center of our civilization. It is also the storm center. . . . The rich are richer, and the poor are poorer, in the city than elsewhere; and, as a rule, the greater the city, the greater are the riches of the rich and poverty of the poor.” Strong, Josiah. 1885. Our Country: Its Possible Future and Its Present Crisis. W.W. Norton. Based on this text, Strong feels that cities are characterized by their

• inequality.

• opportunity.

• poverty.

• technology.

Edith Wharton, an author during the Gilded Age, wrote novels that focused on

• slums in New York City.

• forms of popular culture.

• a society based on rigid rules.

• psychological aspects of war.