Chapter 9 AP1

The fibrocartilage pad between the medical condyle of the femur and the medial condyle of the tibia is called the

• Anterior Cruciate Ligament

• Infrapatellar Bursa

• Medical Meniscus

• Lateral Meniscus

• Posterior Cruciate Ligament

Answer explanation

The fibrocartilage pad between the medial condyle of the femur and the medial condyle of the tibia is known as the medial meniscus. It acts as a cushion and stabilizer in the knee joint.

The joint between the diaphyses of the radius and ulna is a

• Suture

• Gomphosis

• Syndesmosis

• Synchondrosis

• Symphysis

Answer explanation

The joint between the diaphyses of the radius and ulna is a syndesmosis, which is a type of fibrous joint where bones are connected by a ligament. This allows for slight movement, distinguishing it from other joint types.

Unlike other joints, a ____ does not joint two bones to one another

• Suture

• Syndesmosis

• Gomphosis

• Cartilaginous joint

• Bony joint

Answer explanation

A gomphosis is a type of joint where a peg fits into a socket, such as a tooth in its socket, and does not connect two bones directly like other joints do.

Which of the following the largest and most complex diarthrosis in the body?

• The Hip

• The Knee

• The elbow

• The shoulder

• The wrist

Answer explanation

The knee is the largest and most complex diarthrosis in the body, allowing for a wide range of motion while supporting weight. Its intricate structure includes multiple ligaments and cartilage, making it more complex than the other joints listed.

The shoulder is the only multiracial, ball-and-socket joint in the human body

• True

• False

Answer explanation

The statement is false because the hip joint is also a ball-and-socket joint, making the shoulder not the only one in the human body.

Which of the following is true regarding joints that are first-class levers?

• Their mechanical advantage may be greater or less than 1.0

• Their mechanical advantage is always less than 1.0

• Their output force is always greater than the input force

• Their resistance is between the joint(fulcrum) and the distal end of the bone (effort)

• The joint(fulcrum) is at the opposite end from the tendinous attachment (effort)

Answer explanation

First-class levers can have a mechanical advantage greater than, less than, or equal to 1.0, depending on the position of the fulcrum, effort, and load. Thus, the correct statement is that their mechanical advantage may be greater or less than 1.0.

The ____ is not found in the elbow

• humeroulnar joint

• humeroradial joint

• proximal radioulnar joint

• distal radiounlar joint

• anular ligament

Answer explanation

The distal radioulnar joint is located at the wrist, not the elbow. The other options, including the humeroulnar joint, humeroradial joint, proximal radioulnar joint, and anular ligament, are all found in the elbow.

A joint with mechanical advantage greater than 1.0 has increased speed

• True

• False

Answer explanation

A joint with a mechanical advantage greater than 1.0 actually provides increased force, not speed. Therefore, the statement is false.

With the elbow and wrist extended, painting a circle on a canvas requires ____ of the shoulder

• rotation

• circumduction

• extension

• flexion

• elevation

Answer explanation

Painting a circle requires the shoulder to move in a circular motion, which is defined as circumduction. This involves a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction, making circumduction the correct choice.

Fibrous joints are joints, at which two bones are united by hyaline cartilage

• True

• False

Answer explanation

Fibrous joints are actually united by dense connective tissue, not hyaline cartilage. Hyaline cartilage is found in cartilaginous joints, making the statement false.