Chapter 15: Psychological QuizsDisorders

Hoarding Disorder

• Characterized by persistent difficulty in parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value or usefulness.

• A condition where individuals compulsively collect items of little or no value.

• A psychological disorder involving excessive cleanliness and organization.

• A behavior marked by the inability to accumulate wealth or resources.

Specific Phobia

• An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about a specific object or situation.

• A condition where individuals experience a general sense of unease without a specific trigger.

• A type of depression that involves persistent sadness and loss of interest in activities.

• A disorder marked by excessive worry about various aspects of life, often leading to physical symptoms.

Delusion

• A belief that is contrary to reality and is firmly held, despite contradictory evidence.

• A temporary state of confusion or disorientation.

• A strong feeling of certainty about something that is not true.

• A psychological condition characterized by excessive optimism.

Diathesis-Stress Model

• Suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with stress; model of psychopathology.

• Indicates that stress is the sole cause of all psychological disorders.

• Proposes that all individuals will develop a disorder if they experience stress.

• States that genetic factors have no influence on the development of psychological disorders.

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

• A childhood disorder characterized by inattentiveness and/or hyperactive, impulsive behavior.

• A condition that affects only adults and is characterized by excessive daydreaming.

• A learning disability that primarily impacts mathematical skills.

• A mood disorder that leads to severe anxiety and depression.

Antisocial Personality Disorder

• Characterized by a lack of regard for others’ rights, impulsivity, deceitfulness, irresponsibility, and lack of remorse over misdeeds.

• A condition marked by excessive social interaction and empathy towards others.

• A disorder that involves extreme shyness and fear of social situations.

• A personality trait characterized by high levels of agreeableness and cooperation.

Grandiose Delusion

• Beliefs that one holds special power, unique knowledge, or is extremely important.

• A feeling of extreme sadness and hopelessness.

• A belief that one is being persecuted or harassed.

• A strong desire to be in control of every situation.

Seasonal Pattern

• A subtype of depression that occurs only in winter months.

• A type of anxiety disorder that peaks in summer.

• A subtype of depression in which a person experiences the symptoms of major depressive disorder only during a particular time of year.

• A mood disorder that affects sleep patterns year-round.

Bipolar Disorder

• A mood disorder characterized by mood states that vacillate between depression and mania.

• A personality disorder marked by extreme mood swings.

• A psychotic disorder involving hallucinations and delusions.

• An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive worry and fear.

Dopamine Hypothesis

• A theory that suggests a deficiency of serotonin is responsible for depression.

• A theory of schizophrenia that proposes that an overabundance of dopamine or dopamine receptors is responsible for the onset and maintenance of schizophrenia.

• A theory that links dopamine levels to anxiety disorders.

• A theory that states that dopamine is solely responsible for addiction.