Impulse and Momentum

Linear momentum is defined as mass times _______.

• velocity

• acceleration

• force

• distance

Answer explanation

Linear momentum is defined as mass times velocity. This relationship shows that momentum depends on both the mass of an object and its speed, making velocity the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

In physics, the Law of Conservation of Momentum extends the concepts of conservation of matter and conservation of _______.

• energy

• charge

• temperature

• mass

Answer explanation

The Law of Conservation of Momentum relates to the conservation of energy, as both principles state that certain quantities remain constant in isolated systems. Thus, the correct answer is energy.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

Momentum is a _______ quantity because it involves a velocity vector being multiplied by a scalar value.

• vector

• scalar

• tensor

• unitless

Answer explanation

Momentum is a vector quantity because it is defined as the product of mass (a scalar) and velocity (a vector). This means it has both magnitude and direction, confirming that momentum is indeed a vector.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

The SI units for momentum are expressed as kilograms _______ per second.

• meters

• newtons

• joules

• liters

Answer explanation

Momentum is defined as mass times velocity. In SI units, mass is in kilograms and velocity is in meters per second. Therefore, the correct expression for momentum is kilograms meters per second.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

If a ball rolls downhill, it will gather momentum because the force of gravity accelerates it, causing its _______ to increase.

• velocity

• mass

• position

• charge

Answer explanation

As the ball rolls downhill, gravity accelerates it, leading to an increase in its velocity. The mass remains constant, while position and charge are not relevant to the momentum change in this context.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

An object can have a larger momentum by virtue of being more massive, like a huge boulder, or by moving at high ________, like a tiny hailstone.

• velocity

• temperature

• pressure

• altitude

Answer explanation

The correct answer is 'velocity' because momentum is the product of mass and velocity. A small object like a hailstone can have a large momentum if it moves at a high velocity, unlike the other options which do not relate to momentum.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2

To bring a moving object to rest, force must be applied over some _______ of time.

• duration

• frequency

• increment

• magnitude

Answer explanation

To bring a moving object to rest, a force must be applied over a specific duration of time. This allows the force to effectively reduce the object's velocity to zero, making 'duration' the correct choice.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-1

The product of the force applied times the duration of time that it is applied is called the _______.

• impulse

• power

• work

• torque

Answer explanation

The product of the force applied and the time duration is defined as impulse. Impulse measures the change in momentum and is calculated as force multiplied by time, making 'impulse' the correct answer.

Impulse is measured in SI units of Newton _______.

• seconds

• meters

• per second

• kilograms

Answer explanation

Impulse is defined as the change in momentum and is calculated as force multiplied by time. In SI units, force is measured in Newtons and time in seconds, making the unit of impulse Newton-seconds.

The relationship between impulse and momentum is summarized in the _______-momentum theorem.

• impulse

• force

• energy

• power

Answer explanation

The impulse-momentum theorem states that the impulse applied to an object equals the change in its momentum. Therefore, the correct term to fill in the blank is 'impulse', highlighting the direct relationship between these two concepts.

Tags

NGSS.HS-PS2-2