Lesson 5 Review

What does “unanimous consent” mean?

• When a single person can override a decision.

• The act of delaying a vote forever.

• When a majority vote is required to pass a law.

• The approval of every voting member.

In James Madison’s quoted complaint, what problem did he emphasize about the central government under the Articles of Confederation?

• States were preparing to break away from the Union.

• The government mainly needed a stronger executive leader.

• The central government lacked financial support and revenue.

• The absence of a national military was the main obstacle.

Recall: Which definition BEST describes Federalists?

• They favored the loose association of states established under the Articles of Confederation.

• They favored the creation of a strong federal government that shared power with the states.

• They favored an autocratic system of government with a weak Bill of Rights.

• They favored the Articles of Confederation and felt they should be strengthened.

Strategic Thinking: Based on the options given, why did Shay’s Rebellion influence calls for changing the national government?

• It led the U.S. to adopt the Magna Carta

• It proved the AOC made the national government too powerful

• It revealed the national government’s inability to stop the rebellion, showing the need for a stronger central government

• It highlighted weaknesses of the national government under the Constitution

What does “ratification” mean?

• The process of rewriting a law.

• When a law is passed without any debate.

• The formal approval of an agreement, treaty, or constitution.

• When a law is enforced before it is signed.

Recall: Which option states a Federalist belief about how power should be organized?

• A strong central government is best, separated into three branches so their power can be checked.

• The states should be joined together loosely without a strong national authority.

• Local governments should have most power and the national government should be weak.

• The federal government should not have a court system to resolve disputes.

Strategic Thinking: Look at the diagram of Anti-Federalist Views. Which phrase best completes the third box to reflect Anti-Federalist beliefs?

• The Constitution should include protections of personal liberties.

• The Constitution should model the system used in England.

• Local government should have little power compared to the national government.

• The federal government should have full authority over the states.

Strategic Thinking: Using the Federalists diagram and your understanding of Anti-Federalist concerns, which statement best explains why Anti-Federalists pushed for a Bill of Rights?

• They believed checks and balances alone guaranteed individual liberties

• They wanted to strengthen the national court system over state courts

• They feared a strong central government could threaten personal freedoms without explicit protections

• They sought to keep the Articles of Confederation in place without any changes

Skill/Concept: Why did Anti-Federalists see the Bill of Rights as important? Choose the best explanation.

• They thought it would create trust between the states without changing the Constitution.

• They believed that individual freedoms must be protected explicitly in the Constitution.

• They wanted the American government’s structure to resemble that of England.

• They intended to use the Bill of Rights to form a separate nation.

Which definition best describes Anti-Federalists?

• They wanted to abolish the Bill of Rights.

• They favored the loose association of states established under the Articles of Confederation.

• They were against self-government and wanted to go back to England.

• They favored the creation of a strong federal government that shared power with the states.